An Analysis Of Bilateral Relation Between China And Afghanistan

The main aim of this thesis is to analyze or describe the bilateral relation between China and Afghanistan. Afghanistan and Central Asia have been great empires themselves and have been fought over by great empires. Geopolitically, they are the crossroads of east and west. In the past, Genghis Khan swept through and others went on to India and Persia. When China was weak, Russia took advantage and expanded to its western frontiers. Russia wanted to capture India, from the end of the eighteenth century onwards. The route was through Central Asia andAfghanistan. Britain wanted to ensure that Russia was denied an opportunity of turning its imperialist dream into reality. So it invaded Afghanistan so as to get to Central Asia, fighting three unsuccessful wars in the nineteenth century but, at least, prevented the Russians from getting anywhere near India.The new communist rulers in Russia, in1919, plotted the invasion of India again. This time the ideology was not imperialist but communist. A treaty was signed with the new Afghan state, in1921, and this promised to open the route to an anti-imperialist revolution in India and elsewhere in the colonial world. Nothing came of it because Afghans and other Asian peoples did not want to march to communism under the banner of Moscow. They wanted to get there under their own banner. Nationalism confounded the theories of Marx. The communists tried again, in1979, to bring Afghanistan into submission but, predictably, failed. The war radicalized Islam worldwide and led to the emergence of al-Qaeda, headed by Osama bin Laden, the most formidable international terrorist organization ever to emerge. America had not envisaged this when it trained and armed the mujahidin. When the Soviets left in1989, the procommunist President Najibullah remained in power. He was overthrown, in1992, and executed.All in all, Afghanistan and Central Asia are now of great geopolitical significance. The more we know about them the better.Afghanistan has always been strategically important. It is easy to penetrate from Central Asia and leads on to India in the east and Persia and the riches of the Middle East in the west. Alexander the Great left his mark in the fourth century BC. After his death the southern part of Afghanistan was ruled from northern India. Genghis Khan arrived in1219, waged destructive wars and carried everything before him. In19th century United Kingdom invaded on Afghanistan two times, in this century Russia and United Kingdom realized that Afghanistan to be a buffer zone between two powers.In2001unites states of America invaded Afghanistan and they are still in Afghanistan; the Afghanistan political situation definitely affects on China as Afghanistan’s neighbor,especially in Xinjiang province of China that China has border with through Xinjiang province of China, such as,the east Turkistan movement which is recognized by China as terroristic and separatist group in China, have relations with Taliban, and trained in Afghanistan.Therefore, The relations between China and Afghanistan go back the seven century; China and Afghanistan have very long and historical relations, especially during the silk road era; that the silk road was the linkage between China and south Asia and central Asia, and Afghanistan the intersection of the silk road in that time.silk road was not only trade between China and south Asia and central Asia, it was also cultural exchanges in the region such as the transforming of Buddhism from Afghanistan to China.Throughout the history the main trade between China and Afghanistan was mainly trade. In the modern era the relations between China and Afghanistan was only trade of fruit and tea through the wakhan corridor.China and Afghanistan established their diplomatic relations in1955, and after the establishing of diplomatic relations both countries boosted the bilateral relations, and both countries developed friendly and good neighboring relations. During1960s China official visited Afghanistan and Afghanistan official visited China and the relations between two countries smoothly improved.During1970s, the Soviet Union started to influence in Afghanistan, and China’s relations with Afghanistan was modest it was because of the influence of Soviet Union. During those years the role of China in Afghanistan was secondary it was because huge influence of Soviet Union in Afghanistan’s situation.In1978, pro Soviet Union revolution happened in Afghanistan the relations between China and Afghanistan became cold and China decreased it diplomatic relations up to charge de affairs.In1979, Soviet Union invaded and China strongly condemned it; China stopped its diplomatic relations with Kabul, then China join anti Soviet Union activities. China along side with United States of America and other countries was helping Afghan rebels through Pakistan. In1992, Najibullah’s regime collapsed and afghan guerrillas came to power China normalized its diplomatic relations then because of civil war China withdrew its diplomats from Afghanistan.When Taliban came to power in Afghanistan, China did not recognize their regime because of their supporting of East Turkistan Movement which is separatist group in China. In2001, United States of America attacked on Afghanistan, and by the collapsing of Taliban regime and establishing transactional government of Afghanistan, China reestablished its diplomatic relations.After reestablishing diplomatic between China and Afghanistan, took active part in Afghanistan for restoring peace and stability, postwar rebuilding of Afghanistan.after2002China boosted it bilateral relations with Afghanistan especially after2006that China and Afghanistan signed bilateral economic cooperation agreement, after that China developed its engagement in Afghanistan. China is the first country which has huge investment in Afghanistan2001.Sino-Afghanistan relations have many ups and downs. The main concerns of China on Afghanistan is Xingjian province of China, that instability in Afghanistan will affect on this province of China because the East Turkistan Movement is backed by Taliban and Al-Qaeda and Afghanistan used to be safe place for them during Taliban regime.The role of China is quiet significant in Afghanistan’s economic development, stability of Afghanistan and China can play an important role in Afghanistan’s future.