Regional Differences Research On Equalization Of Public Services

In recent years, there is abnormal development in public medical and healthservice in our country. Obviously, there are serious gaps between urban and rural, andalso in regions and groups. Long-term unreasonable system makes that differentpeople have different medical resources; it leads to many serious problems, such asmany residents dare to go to the hospital because of the expensive medical expenses.Therefore, health care, as a plan of1.3billion people, its equalization problem must tobe solved as soon as possible. In theoretical terms, in this paper, some meanings relatewith equalization of public medical and health service are defined, at the same time,in the present research, an empirical study of regional differences is made to enrichthe theoretical research system in equalization of public medical and health service. Inpractical terms, in this paper, a analysis about equalization of public medical andhealth service base on related theories is made, then, discuss the reasons about theexist situation from theoretical and DEA aspect, then make some policy guidelineswhich are practical and also in line with our society conditions.In key concepts terms, in our research, public service the sum of products andservices which are necessary to all people’s survival and development, they areprovided by the government, and they are also the responsibilities of the government.equalization of public service is a gradual process, what the government need to do isfrom equalization in some areas to equalization in all areas, from the lowestequalization to a certain degree of equalization, and meet generally equalization forpeople who have similar needs. For equalization of public medical and health service,the government needs to make a uniform standard of medical services for all citizens,while gradually narrow the gaps between urban and rural, regions and groups.In empirical research, in this paper, the Theil index is the research tool, at thesame time, using local general expenditure to measure local financial capacity, localhealth expenditure to measure the degree of attention in health care, number of beds inhospitals, and health centers to measure hardware resources in health care, number ofregistered nurses to measure software resources in health care, all data are provincialsectional data between2007-2011.In terms of research outcomes, in terms of localfinancial capacity, the eastern region is in the most advantageous position. In terms oflocal health expenditure, the western region is in the most advantageous position, andthe government pays more attention on economically developed eastern cities such asBeijing and Shanghai, impoverished western cities such as Xizang and Qinghai, butthe attention on populous and labor provinces such as Henan and Guangdong is not enough. Eastern region is in the most disadvantageous position in the allocation ofbeds in hospitals, and health centers in2011, but the most advantageous position inthe allocation of registered nurses. The reason is there are many economicallydeveloped provinces in eastern region, land resources has gradually become saturated,the number of hospitals can not be effective to match the growing population, socauses the shortage, but at the same time, the supply of doctors and registered nursesis not slowed down. Western region is in the most advantageous position in theallocation of beds in hospitals, and health centers in2011, but the mostdisadvantageous position in the allocation of registered nurses. So beds are sufficient,but the nurses are obviously not enough. On the whole, the government pay moreattention on eastern and western region, less on middle region, especially somepopulous and labor provinces, but the requirements of health care in these provincesare the most greatest. Meanwhile, for the eastern and western region, the governmentmust to do something to balance the supply between hardware public medical andhealth service resources and software public medical and health service resources.For policy recommendations, in this paper, balance public medical and healthservice insurance system, improve public medical and health service system, set lawsand regulations about public medical and health service and so on are all mentioned.Meanwhile, some policy measures are recommended to match the development ofthree regions. For eastern region, some populous provinces in eastern region need topay more attention in health care, and local governments should to balance the supplybetween hardware resources and software resources, while adapt to local conditions.For western region, the local governments need to pay more attention on Xinjiang andChongqing which are in advantageous position, and less attention on Guizhou andGansu which are in disadvantageous position. For middle region, there are many laborprovinces in middle region such as Henan and so on, and they are important for thedevelopment of our country, but the health care in these provinces can not match thepopulation in recent years, so our government should do more things to balance thissituation, and it is important for the development of our country.