The Research On Huang Zongxi’s Political Philosophy

Huang Zongxi was a thinker at the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty. He was known as one of the "three great thinkers" at the beginning of Qing Dynasty with Wang Fuzhi and Gu Yanwu. Huang Zongxi was a patriot influenced by traditional Confucian thoughts. He experienced the downfall of the Ming Dynasty and waged a constant war with the Qing armies, but finally ended in failure. He was a thinker as well as a prolific author. He dabbled in classics, history, son and four sets of all the documents. He also made important contributions in a number of other fields, including philosophy, historiography and so on. Meanwhile, he was also a revolutionist. After the failure of Anti-Qing revolution, Huang Zongxi took painful lessons of it and questioned the feudal regime. Based on the monarchy, Huang Zongxi advocated that a capable person should be chosen to govern the state. He also recommended that the previous policy should be restored to let the school discuss the affairs of the government. All his ideas shouted for the political founding of a state.Through repeated thoughts about the painful lessons from the collapse of Ming Danasty, Huang Zongxi analyzed sufficiently about the feudal regime as well as pointed out that the society should take people as host and monarch as guest. Thus he brought the traditional people-first thought to unprecedented height. Huang Zongxi fully questioned the social effect of the School of Mind at the end of Ming Dynasty. He put forward the thought of "administration and pragmatism". His idea about a ideal country’s institution made a forecast in the government construction, economic construction and military strategies, which was a political ideal. Huang Zongxi’s political philosophy was a new breakthrough to the traditional people-first thought. He also made breakthrough in science and mind studies. To study the political philosophy of Huang Zongxi, it has a historical meaning as well as a strong epoch significance.