The Study Of Land Reform In Fuping County(1946-1949)

As the old revolutionary base areas, Fuping has made tremendous contributions in theAnti Japanese War and the war of liberation. In the land reform period, Fuping carried outland reform successfully under the guidance of The central committee of the communist partyof China and the Jin Cha Ji border region government. Nie Rongzhen led the troops intoFuping,. The policy of "very farmer" was adopted in the early time, which greatly easee theburden on the lives of poor farmers and greatly increased farmers’ production enthusiasm.After the victory of the war, in order to meet the farmers’ requirements in land, thecommunist party encouraged farmers take the land from the landlord to realize that"Cultivator has its field". In the process of the implementation of "May4th instructions"， thecommunist party against with the landlord bully. As for enlightened landlord, the communistparty advocated them to "offer the land". Farmers get further production after these efforts.Later,, Fuping county party committee sum up experience, and adjust policy quickly underthe guidance of the central committee of the communist party of China and theshanxi-chahaer-hebei after the "review" of may mistake. Since the spring of1946toDecember1948, the county divide the land, after three stages of liquidation, review andrectify, which last one year and eight monthes. After the land reform,22800mu land werecleared out from the landlords and the rich peasants, which were distributed among the poorfarmers. The system of feudal exploitation were overthrew completely. The farmer turnedover access to land, which support to the victory of the Anti Japanese War. Land reformpromotes the development of the productive forces, which also accumulated experience formassive land reform after the founding of new China.Based on the study of literature and the historical data, this paper will analyze the processof the Fuping land reform in1946--1948through the method of historical and theoreticalanalysis. The causes of problem and the results of land reform will be analyzed in thispaper.the historical significance of fuping county land reform were elaborated profoundly.This paper has three parts.The first part: this part mainly introduces the status of the Fuping county before the landreform in1946from the aspects of the social status of Fuping, the condition of land possession and land exploitation at that time, the effect of the kuomintang and the warsituation of the party. This part lay the groundwork for the introduction of Fuping land reformthrough multi-angle analysis..The second part: this part introduces the the main process of Fuping land reform from1946to1946,which divided into three stages. First stage: perform "" May4th" instructions ".This paper will analyze ideas from all walks of life before instructions carried out, which inthe period of the tense relationship between kuomintang and The Communist Party. In theprocess of execution, Fuping carried out the land reform orderly under the guidance of ShanxiChahar Hebei central according to the real social status. In this process,“offer” isemphasized, which achieved good results.The second stage: May review. This stage has big twists and turns because of the lack ofpreparation on the study in thought, organization, investigation. This paper will analyze thecause of the error in this reform. The third stage: divide the land. Conform to the warsituation and farmers’ wishes, Fuping carried out land reform according to their owncharacteristics and the distinction of the new liberated areas. Take the area2for example, thispaper introduces several prominent problems in land reform, Fuping land meeting, threecounty land reform report and good practice in the Fuping land reform.End of the fourth stage:land reform work, fuping county focus on dealing with legacy in the agrarian reform work incombination with the rootstock.The third part: this part is the overall evaluation of Fuping land reform, which overthrewthe system of feudal exploitation and promote the development of productive forces. First,farmers and women liberated. Farmers obtained liberation in the economy. They owned theirland which maintains production and living. In political aspects, the farmers’ ideologicalawareness increased and the rights to participate in political life and experience were ownedthrough the land reform movement. In the process of allocating land, women started toparticipate in movement and fight. At the same time, women got land as the men. Womengradually freed from the bondage of feudal ethical code to participate in the activities of theproduction. Second, productivity was promoted and farmers support the frontlineenthusiastically. Farmers obtained their land and tool which increased their productionenthusiasm. Owing to the leadership of the communist party, they won the land. Farmers eager the victory of the war of liberation, which lead them support the war eagerly. As thereliable rear, Fuping convey a large amount of food, supplies, soldiers for the front. Third, theparty’s construction improved. The combination of consolidation the party organization andland reform, the party team was pure. The style of work improved which strengthen andconsolidate the communist regime at the grass-roots level, and the leadership of farmers withland reform be more powerful. The fourth, Fuping become a pilot for land reform of thePeople’s Republic of China.Fuping county land reform was conducted under the guidance ofthe central committee of the communist party of China and the shanxi-chahaer-hebei. InFuping, the central committee of the communist party leaders hold the meeting and listen tothe opinions. A large number of outstanding cadres participate in land reform. Theysummaize the experience in land reform and use them in large-scale land reform after then.The fifth, the use of the mass line gradually mature. In the process of leading farmers in landreform, the method of experience accumulated in the management of mass movements andthe mass line.