| In today’s society,representatives of the nuclear energy industry and all walks of life emphasize the need to expand the scope of nuclear energy utilization in order to deal with the climate and environmental crisis.The reason is that the society is experiencing the stage of global warming and non renewable traditional energy consumption.The social energy is in short supply,and the low-carbon transformation has become an inevitable trend.Internationally,nuclear energy is widely used in power supply because of its clean and efficient characteristics.Many nuclear power plants have been established all over the world.Of course,with the continuous research of nuclear technology in the civil field,nuclear energy is also gradually rising in other industries.Simultaneously,for the purpose of ensure the safe operation of nuclear power,corresponding laws have been issued and an international nuclear safety system has been established to guide countries to use nuclear energy.However,security is not absolute,and so is nuclear development.In particular,the nuclear accident in the 1970 s and 1980 s caused serious consequences,which fully demonstrated the importance of safety issues to the society.After investigation,the accident cannot happen without the intervention of human factors,which can be avoided.Therefore,regulation has become the first barrier to ensure nuclear safety.On the basis of realizing the concept of sustainable and healthy development of nuclear energy,China’s nuclear safety legislation has gradually moved closer to supervision,which is a plan made by absorbing the experience of three major nuclear accidents.Therefore,China’s nuclear legal system and nuclear energy legislation can not ignore nuclear safety supervision.This paper mainly discusses the legal system of nuclear safety supervision in China.Firstly,starting from the theories and concepts involved in the system,this paper carefully discusses and analyzes the relevant concepts of nuclear safety supervision,the supervision principles implemented in the specific system,the establishment mode of supervision institutions and various theories to promote the development of the system.Secondly,it mainly expounds China’s current legal system of nuclear safety supervision from the perspective of legislation.Moreover,it also puts forward some problems,such as the legal system of nuclear safety supervision,the lack of independence of supervision institutions,and the imperfect supervision system,the lack of independence of regulatory institutions,the lack of professionalism of regulators,the lack of timely disclosure of regulatory information and the lag of regulatory standards.Then,it studies the International Convention on nuclear safety supervision and the actual development of the legal system of nuclear safety supervision in the United States,Japan and France,and summarizes the experience of building the nuclear basic law of the regulatory core,regulatory independence,regulatory information transparency and cooperation with the International Atomic Energy Agency.Finally,it is combined with the actual situation and existing problems of the development of China’s nuclear safety supervision system,as well as with reference to the requirements of international conventions in the field of nuclear safety supervision and the practical experience of other countries outside the region.Finally,it puts forward some suggestions on introducing the atomic energy law to fill the regulatory legal loopholes,ensure the independence of regulatory institutions,improve the lack of supervisors and information,and update regulatory standards. |
