Marx’s Criticism And Transcendence Of The Youth Hegel School

The Youth Hegel School is the object of Marx’s criticism, and also the foundation of Marx’s theory. On the basis of criticism, Marx has realized the transcendence of the Youth Hegel School, thus, he has turned to the Marx doctrine from the Youth Hegel doctrine.The 19 th century 30-40 s is the formation and development period of the Youth Hegel School, the Youth Hegel School’s critique of religion as a carrier to form a critical philosophy, and discuss the subjectivity thoughts as the logical clue to expound their philosophy. Respectively, Powell, Feuerbach, Stirner use “self consciousness”, “class”, “unique” to rebuke an abstraction of “absolute idea” in Hegel’s philosophy. Powell uses universal concept“self-consciousness” instead of Hegel’s“absolute idea”, and attempts to erase the subject’s abstraction. Although self-consciousness is the actual existence and the dominator of the history by the Powell, after all, “self consciousness” is still a highly abstract concept of spirituality. Feuerbach holds the idea that the subject must be a real, natural person who takes the nature as the premise, however, the concept “class” as an universal, take the nature as the precondition still divided by mankind, so, the concept “class” has the higher abstract nature. Stirner denies the person has the nature of “class”, and starts from the self-interest concept-“I” to explain his individualism “the unique” philosophy. In his“the unique” philosophy, the person is the Individual people, the egoist. Thus, “I” has become a pure concept, and Hegel’s speculative philosophy has developed to the peak. Therefore, although they claimed that they have beyond the Hegel’s speculative category, in fact, the subject that set by them is still the abstract concept, they unable to extricate themselves in the abstract of subject.On the basis of practice, Marx analyses and criticizes the essence of the Youth Hegel School, and illustrates viewpoint about the historical materialism completely. Marx discusses the difference between him and German ideology philosophers, and achieves the goal that liquidates former philosophy. Thus, Marx realizes dual transcendence of idealism and former materialism. From logic, at first, Marx influenced by Powell’s “self consciousness”, later, Marx gradually understudied the revolutionary practice and turned to Feuerbach’s materialism during worked at the “Rhine daily”; On the basis of practice to understand the actual struggle inspired Marx found that German current social problems was unable to solve in the existing capitalist system, thereby, Marx turn to the Socialism. In the process of the change, Marx realized the illusoriness of German ideology and started to criticize German ideology integrally.All in all, on the basis of criticized and transcend to the Youth Hegel School, Marx turn to Marx doctrine from the Young Hegel doctrine, thereby, Marx structures historical materialism and dialectical materialism.