| Chinese social economy has once again came to a new stage since the reform and opening up, and it will suffer a lot during this transformation.The main point of this period has been transferred from the economic area to the political area, the dilemma caused by the growing needs to diversify, professionalized and refined our public service and the low efficiency-high cost running situation derivative by government has pushed the government to a threshold. It’s time to make a change, and some local governments have already started trying to import the market operation mechanism into this area, and that becomes the beginning of the this new pattern. Several important documents have given out some significant instructions——The State Council has approved the view of developing the economics reform working points in 2015 which is made by the National Development and Reform Commission, the approaches of franchising infrastructure and utilities was implemented on the July 1st in 2015. As a new theory, a new approach and a new mechanism, public service contract-out relevant researches are under great demand. Among them, the corruption happened between two main bodies during the process of public service outsourcing, its characteristics, factors and prevention & control mechanism compose the main structure of this essay.This paper will make a carding on the current research about outsourced public service, learn its induced factors and its prevention & control mechanism made by other scholars both at home and abroad. Based on a comprehensive analysis on the research approaches’ advantages and disadvantages, this paper aims to point out the specialty of sociology method, and then put forward a theoretical analysis framework of outsourced public service corruption: special trust forms a breakthrough, then social networks works as an assistant, and all behaviors will be covered by the embedded social structural, then corruption makes a deal.This paper has chosen the case happened in city H as the empirical analysis. It will verify one main idea that social capital alienation, as a trading capital, is exactly the internal reason caused corruption in public service outsourcing area. In this way, reassuring that the statement is founded.Government and enterprise are supposed to be legal actors who are of high rationalized thoughts. Government, once a public service monopolist, now has become a consignor; In the meantime, enterprise now has become an agent who is willing to accept the commission from government. However, government is the envoy of the public, enterprise is the chaser of the interest and is of high potential and possibility to infiltrate and invade into all areas, and the existence of special trust helps enterprise opening the door to chase interest in public service, social network works as a bridge to establish a connection between them, make it much more easier to make some action strategies, such as subjectively choosing partners, doing some implicit-related transactions etc. What’s more, the embedded social structure is thought to be the best cover under which corruption is safe enough to happen and survive. All these three main internal factors operate systematically and make it possible that government and enterprise can depend more on reliance, related transaction, rather than on equally competition to reach an agreement in contracting-out public service.The main point of this paper lies in a new research perspective in studying the contracting-out public service corruption, called sociology perspective. Under the instruction of this unique perspective, this article makes an inference that social capital alienation is the internal key reason leads to corruption rather than others, and points out that the conspiracy relies more on interest strategy rather than on the institutionalized construction based on formal rules. Honestly speaking, our government already grasped the basic market-oriented operation mechanism rules in its ‘form’ while introducing in the process of government procurement of public service, but hasn’t really mastered its operation verve. And that leads to a failure in building up an fair competition relationship of high market characteristics.. Therefore, the current relationship was labeled as of high vulnerability, fragility and is easy to be corroded. This paper has several innovations as followings:First of all, a innovative reserved research perspective. There are lots of research outcomes concern about corrupting in the public area, so is the situation in introducing sociology theory into political research area, and corporate political action(CPA) is the most relevant study among them. But most of them and their expression are too implicit to be plainly expressed, and that leads to the limitation situation in such research field. This paper tries to make up for this shortage by making a straightforward and explicit study on the relationship between social capital theory and the public service contracting-out corruption, and that becomes the most spotlighted innovation in this paper which differs from other researches of same type.Secondly, research content. The internal factors cause public service contracting-out corruption is the key content in doing this research. By reading the literature in the past, it is not difficult to find out the following research topics such as ‘corruption’,‘public service contracting-out’, or ‘relationship between the main objects’ etc. But the reality is that most of them are decentralized and without any systematical logic. This article hopes to make a change. Thus the content delivered in this paper is consecutive, continuous and systematical. The expression is explicit and specific. This research content is an innovative outcome based on reorganizing the past researches, and which also composes the core ideas of this article.Thirdly, research methods innovations. This article focuses on inserting social capital theory into the public service contracting-out corruption and its factors research. The social capital is divided into several explicit concepts in this paper such as reliance, familiarity, social networks and social structure etc. Apart from this, there comes a brand-new concept—to be exact, this formulation is only used and limited in this paper only,which called ‘social capital alienation’, a sentence derived from the social capital and alienation. This new concept includes special trust, narrowed social networks etc. And to make this new concept as a main theoretical foundation and research method is exactly an innovation in analyzing public service contracting-out corruption between ‘G&E’. In the meantime, making a description of how does this corruption operate, doing a validation by cases will add more practical value to this research.The dissertation and the research on the public service corruption are limited because of the study samples, and empirical investigation meet with strong resistance. Cases files referred in this article is of great difficulty to be found and asked for, but fortunately, the final information and materials used in the article area are of high reliability and validity, and that comforts me in some degree. It is really a pity for not making this research an quantitative one, but it will be implemented in the following research in order to acquire a much more valuable outcome, making a contribution to defending against the corruption. |
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