On The Central Policy Implementation Failure And Its Countermeasures From The Perspective Of Benefit Game

Since the reform and opening -up, China has made significant and remarkable achievements in economy and politics and other aspects. This is inseparable with the correct public policies’ formulation and effectively implementation. However, there is still a considerable distance from the policy formulation to its effective implementation and objectives achievements. In the process of policy implementation, "orders and prohibitions" "countermeasures to the policy" often occurs. This leads to the fall of policy objectives and makes the central macro-control difficult to implement and undermines the public interests, also weakened the party and the government’s authority. Eliminating central policy failures becomes an important research issue in the public policy process.Factors influencing policy implementation are multifaceted, including the quality of the policy itself (such as its completeness, scientific, feasibility), the body of policy implementation, target groups, policy resources and policy implementation environment. In my opinion, the body is the most important factor affecting the effectively implementation of the policy. The transition of planned economy to market economy awakens people’s interest awareness and non-institutionalized devolution of power expands the autonomy of local governments, local governments are increasingly becoming independent actors and stakeholders. Local interests play a positive role in promoting the rapid development of regional economy. But excessively pursuing local interest leads to local protection and "short-sighted effect" phenomena. In policy implementation, if the central policies conflict with local interests, local governments will work to perform driven by local interests, resulting in policy execution. Basing on the benefit analysis and game theories analysis, this paper try to study the phenomenon of central policy failure and find its causes and countermeasures from the perspective of the body of policy implementation.This article is consisted of five parts. The main contents are as following:The first chapter is about the introduction. First, introduces the background of the research and cards a review of relevant researches, then introduces the research thinking and methods and the main contents and structure arrangements.The second chapter is about the main manifestations and its harm of central policy failure. Firstly, introduces the concept of policy implementation and its status and role in the public policy process. Then analysis the manifestations and harm of central policy failure basing on the cases existing in practice.The third chapter is about the central policy failure from the perspective of benefit game. Firstly, introduces the definition of interests and game. Then selecting local governments and the central government as game body, analysis the game between local governments and the central government and local governments between each other.The fourth chapter is about the causes of central policy failure. The root cause of the central policy failure is the self-interest of local governments. However, In many cases, the negative role of local interests is resulting in the imperfect of current system and the missing of institution supply.The fifth chapter puts forward a few basic countermeasures to control the central policy failure basing on the analysis of its causes. To control the central policy failure, firstly we should integrate interests and promote cooperative game, including the integration of central governments with local governments and among the local governments. Secondly, we should improve the functions of configuration and legitimately allocate the interests among the central government and local governments to make the responsibility and right be unanimous and reduce interest conflicts. Again, we should improve the institution and make the game rules perfect to limit the negative effects of local interests. Finally, we should foster the culture of implementation to weaken profit motives of local governments.