Modernization Of The England Classical University(1850-1900)

Oxford and Cambridge was oldest and most famous universities in England. In the history of world higher education, they compose the most magnificent chapter, and this history position is related to the nineteenth century modern reform.Classic university thought the education has for its object the formation of character, and make the students have universal love, devotion, solemn and ideal character of gentleman. However, along with the time pass, the society had made progress. The university’s proper function of educating people is out of touch the time. Classic liberal education malady is shown increasingly. The college system makes the college by virtue of their rights to implement the teaching and management work, leading to the college teaching, teaching quality, student quality, discipline uneven. The tutorial system for undergraduate students is difficult to meet the professional education, made the academic level and teaching management some good some bad. Boring single degree training programs waste the learning time, and loss of talented students. All of these kinds of factors restricted the development of classical university. As the British social contradictions have deepen ceaselessly, each class in their own interests to explore the way to solve social contradictions. Reflected in the UK higher education is to produce a education ideological emancipation movement, it is emerging that utilitarianism and traditional conservatives on utilitarian education and classical education launched a debate. This program makes the utilitarianism thought to spread, becoming England classical university modernization reform strength of public opinion. Those who set up science education and occupation education curriculum of university organization and England emerging German University of vigorous development, those make classic university real pressure.A modernized reform be imperative, but classical university reform itself has little effect, the government stepped in and led the university entered a substantive stage of the reform. In1850, in the charge of the investigation of University of Oxford and University of Cambridge Royal Committee was formally established. The acts of Oxford and Cambridge in1854and1856have been made. In the acts, they gave some constructive suggestions and requirements on classic teaching, students, teachers, university and college management. However, the act for the classical university nature of existence problem is not completely resolved. In1872, the second Royal Commission was established. The acts of Oxford and Cambridge in1877were passed; it’s just put forward solutions on college property and income, the financial management problems. So far, the classical university reform is successfully ended. This paper from the three aspects namely secularized reform, intelligence reform and management reform to study the reform of classical university, from the Royal Commission on the first report investigating the formation to the second university reform act and the subsequent impact (1850-1900) this historical process. Description of the classical university in students and teachers of religious restrictions on the secularization reform, examination system and content reform, in the fields of scientific research, university and college to strengthen the relationship between reform and professor system such as standardizing the achievements.The Cavendish Laboratory is also called British University of Cambridge physics department, it is the modern scientific research institutions of the most famous and influential disciplines research and teaching institution, has cultivated more than twenty Nobel Science Prize. Cavendish lab along with the times and the development of modern university emerge as the times require, the world physics frontier position closely related to the leader of laboratory. They made great contributions to the Cavendish lab; it is also in their lead, develop the teaching and scientific research, training a batch of another batch of British experimental physics talents; it is also because their personality charm and very fruitful teaching methods, for the Cavendish laboratory teaching purpose and running tradition laid a foundation, makes the generations of Cavendish seem to be in a good learning atmosphere of his brilliant achievements. Cavendish lab created system of electromagnetic theory and experiment, gas discharge and atomic structure, molecular biology, nuclear physics, condensed matter physics, astronomy, amorphous semiconductor, and organic polymer semiconductor multistage important scientific fields, and marked in the natural sciences for the field of modern science system establishment. Cavendish laboratory’s establishment, development and achievement as a case analysis, helps to explore classical university reform in modern scientific research aspects and by classical liberal education to the education of natural science for the successful transition. England classical university in a variety of political, economic, ideological and cultural factors, the classical education conducted very fruitful modernization, they are timely and change, thus becoming the "our ideal university" and advanced knowledge is the carrier and symbol. From the historical development track, Oxford and Cambridge were followed a road which is smooth slow, conservative and not old-fashioned, change without pert. Throughout classical university modernization process, each step beyond the traditional on the basis of modern change, are disclosed university and even the British Spirit-the traditional progressive reform. Although the reform pace is slow, and even sometimes is passive, but the stability and change, relative to those of rash advance change is more worthy of praise. Exploring the successful experience of classical university modernization reform, evaluated of its reform and reform effect, it will help us to summarize experience, for our country to create schools to provide reference.Classical university experience of growth and development of the performance of their courage and perseverance share sincere, the changes in the process of development, sixteenth and seventh century classical university’ recession, and in the nineteenth century modernization, is their tortuous development, the pursuit of better best example. It is also the stage of decline of classical university led to the emergence and development of modern university and the modern university inherits and transfoms from the classical university, and show the classical university enduring value. England classical university modernization for the government, realize the former observer status to a leading role transformation, for the university, it is a change in the past, still lonely academic education, towards a life in science education. This is a timely reform of government, institutions, folk mass mutual "collaboration", it shows England’s national and classical university conservative development, steady reform spirit.Study of England classical university reform, can not only enrich the university history research, and also can know the world famous university’s traditional and successful experience.