The Management Of Shanghai Municipal Government Research To Private Primary And Secondary Schools In The Year From1927to1937

The education of private school has a long history. Shanghai, as an earliesttrading port in China, has been the biggest business trading city and economiccenter.Private ordinary elementary and secondary education occupies an importantposition in Shanghai primary education and secondary education regardless of thenumber or size, and it has been in the lead in the country.Private ordinary primary and secondary schools develop rapidly in Shanghai, onone hand,this makes more school-age children receive education, making up for theinadequacy of public education; on the other hand, because of the lack of effectivesupervision and management, leading to the confusion of private schools and theunevenness of quality. Driven by the interests, many private schools scale up blindlyand corruption in management. Most private schools has problems such as the lack ofschool funding, humble teaching facilities, weak faculty, poor school-runningperformance,etc. Besides, schools for application is very few among numerous privateprimary and secondary schools in Shanghai, and some private schools are located inthe concessions, Shanghai local education authorities cannot supervise effectively, sothe order is confused. It is urgent for Shanghai municipal government to reorganizeprivate primary and secondary schools, thus standardize private school further.Especially after the establishment of the Shanghai special municipal government,Shanghai municipal education bureau investigated the private primary and secondaryschools in the city at once, and began to clean up their act.From1927to1937Shanghai municipal government has enacted a series of legal procedures.Fromspecification the establishment of private schools board to adjuration private schoolsfor application,from subsidizing private schools to helping improve the quality ofteaching,from guiding the teaching of a private school to strictly regulating theappointment and assessment of the stuffs,from encouraging to set up private schoolsto guiding the students enter higher school and graduate,the regulations covers allaspects of private schools’ daily management, education and teaching.Under the strictsupervision and management of Shanghai government,the private ordinary primaryand secondary schools have become more standard and the management level ofhigher education institutions has been continuously improved.The management ofschool state has been also greatly improved.The composition of the students hasbecome more diverse and the types and sources of funds have become more varied.Byfurther comparison and analysis, we can clearly understand the ordinary private primary and secondary schools’ development state during that period in Shanghai andbring positive impact on the whole Shanghai civic spirits.This paper attempts to outline the development of private primary and secondaryschools, which under the management of the Shanghai government in the year from1927to1937, and discuss some issues such as management, self-improvement,standardization and achievement. It is hoped that through the research and discussionin this thesis, private schools could get some inspiration and reference for thedevelopment and research.