| Research on the development of characteristics of children and adolescents’physical quality changes during the sensitive period can greatly help to make guidance for children and adolescents to do physical quality exercise.The research objects are children and adolescents aged 6-17 from Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing, Jilin, Guangdong and Anhui. The total number of the children and adolescents are 9,081. According to the results:1. The physical quality of children and youngsters is improving with the growing age. There are three stages including rapid growth, slight growth and stabilization. Some indexes of these period might go up and down and the characteristics are not be quite as obvious at some certain stage. Generally, the sensitive period of boys are mainly in the age of 6-7 year old and 12-13 year old. Girls are in 6-8 year old.2. Speed quality. With the growing age, performance of 50 meter examination is enhanced among boys and girls. After 12 year old, growing rate of girls incline to be stable and boys still keep growing so that to make the discrepancy of the performance larger. The sensitive period of boys in this item is in 10-11 and 12-13 year old. Girls in 10-11 year old. Boys’performance of 30 seconds-rope skipping is improved with they grew older instead of the double ups and double downs of girls’. The overall and highest level of girls’rope skipping is higher than boys’ before 15 year old. in the sensitive period of 6-8 year old.3. Strength quality:performance of long jump among boys and girls are enhanced with they grew older. The discrepancy between boys and girls will be obvious after 11 year old. Performance of girls incline to be stable after 11 year old and the overall and highest level of boys is higher than girls’ The sensitive period of boys of this item is in the age of 6-7 and 12-13 year old. Girls in 6-8 year old. Performance of pull-up per minute among boys and girls is improved with the growing age but the margin is modest. The sensitive period of boys of this item is in the age of 12-13 year old while girls in 6-8 year old.4. Physical endurance:performance of 1000m/800m among boys and girls are enhanced with the growing age. The sensitive period of boys of this item is in the age of 12-13 year old.There is no indication of girls to show their sensitive period in regard of 1000m/800m.5. Flexibility quality:performance of sit and reach among boys and girls show up and down before 12 year old with slight margin. Growing rate of boys and girl will accelerate after 12 year old. The sensitive period of boys of this item is in the age of 6-7 and 15-16 year old. Girls in 10-11 and 13-14 year old.6. Agility quality: discrepancy of swerve around sticks per minute among boys and girls is minor before 12 year old. With the growing age, boys experience a rapid growth while girls intend to be more steady. The sensitive period of boys of this item is in the age of 7-8 and 12-13 year old. The sensitive period of girls is in the age of 7-9 year old.Performance of turnstile among boys and girls in 6-9 year old experience rapid growth and will slow down in the age of 9-14 year old. Performance of this item goes up and down after 14 year old with slight margin. There is not that different between boys and girls in turnstile. The sensitive period of boys and girls of this item is in 6-7 and 8-9 year old.Conclusion:1. children and adolescents’sensitive period of the physical quality fitness have usually one to two stages which are the period of age 6-8 and the period of age 10-13.2. during these two sensitive period, their physical quality fitness annual increase number and the increase rate are both bigger than the non-sensitive period.3. different physical quality fitness have different sensitive period ages. Boys and girls also have different characteristics of the physical quality fitness development. |
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