Research On Fiscal Expenditure Efficiency Of The Compulsory Education In Shandong Province

Along with the rapid development of our country’s economy, science and technology are more and more becoming the key drivers of competition between countries. Education is the precondition for the development of science and technology. Moreover, the compulsory education is the basic stage in the various types of education. It is the foundation of other education, which also has the biggest contribution rate to personal and social development. On account of the mandatory, popularity and free of China’s compulsory education, the compulsory education funds are largely guaranteed by national finance. In this paper, the analysis method combines the theoretical analysis and empirical analysis. And the qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis and comparative analysis are integrated used in the research of fiscal expenditure structure and efficiency in Shandong’s compulsory education, which analyzing the productivity index on total factor through the use of data envelopment model(DEA) and DEAMalmquist. The main contents are as follows.(1) The definition of relevant concepts and theoretical analysis. The paper mainly describes the relevant concepts and theoretical basis in compulsory education expenditure efficiency, including the meanings and main characteristics of compulsory education, specific content of compulsory education finance, such as sources, management and distribution of education budget, educational finance efficiency problem. Compulsory education expenditure should follow the principles of the meaning of compulsory education, fiscal expenditure efficiency and evaluation.(2) The status of the compulsory education development in Shandong province. This paper emphasizes the status of compulsory education expenditure in Shandong Province, the gap between urban and rural compulsory education expenditure status and resources allocation of the compulsory education status. The compulsory education fiscal expenditure in Shandong province has a larger change in expenditure proportion, and a lower proportion in compulsory education expenditure in the three level educations. Although it has grown, the growth rate is less than other stages of the education expenditure, and the analysis finds that the proportion of fiscal expenditure on compulsory education in Shandong province is still relatively small. Through the research of income gap between urban and rural areas in Shandong province, compulsory education expenditure of urban and rural differences is not very remarkable, and the gap is increasingly less. In the aspect of resources allocation of the compulsory education, the fiscal expenditure on the compulsory education in Shandong province accounted for the medium levels of the public funds when compared to other cities. The ratio of students to teachers presents the downward trend, but the gap of districts in the province is relatively large and the teacher resources still present the uneven distribution phenomenon.(3) The empirical analysis of the compulsory education fiscal expenditure efficiency appraisal in Shandong province. By collating relevant data of the compulsory education in Shandong province and other 10 provinces which have the same size as Shandong province in 2005—2012, by using DEA-BCC and DEA-Malmquist index methods, we analyze the fiscal expenditure efficiency of the compulsory education in Shandong province during 2005 to 2012 and the compulsory education fiscal expenditure efficiency between the 11 provinces, we get the conclusion: First, fiscal expenditure efficiency of the compulsory education declined after 2010 years in Shandong province. Second, by using the Malmquist model to analyze the date of 11 provinces which including Shandong province from 2005 to 2012, it presents the technical efficiency trend which dropped in the early and rose later on, especially in 2010, and 2011 reached the inefficiency state of DEA. Third, from the level of the indicators, the efficiency of compulsory education spending in Shandong province level is higher, especially the technological progress index is higher than other provinces.(4) Countermeasures and suggestions to improve the efficiency of compulsory education spending in Shandong province. The main content is to put forward the corresponding policy recommendations which are based on the results of the empirical analysis. They include increasing fiscal expenditure of the compulsory education, improving public funds efficiency of the compulsory education, controlling the compulsory education school in a reasonable scale, balancing the teacher resources of compulsory education and enhancing the level of technical efficiency.This article has three innovation points and the main contents are as follows.(1) From the investigative perspective, the article studies the development situation of the compulsory education from the perspective of the fiscal expenditure efficiency of the compulsory education in Shandong province. According to the present articles, most of them studied the balance situation of the compulsory education in Shandong province, articles which investigate the fiscal expenditure efficiency are very few.(2) From the content, this article analyses the development of the compulsory education from the perspective of fiscal expenditure efficiency of the compulsory education in Shandong province, and based on it, the paper also analyzes the compulsory education of other provinces which have the similar compulsory education scale as Shandong province. Thus, we can have a relatively intuitive understanding of the situation of Shandong province.(3) From the methods of the study, we use DEA- BCC to investigate the changes of the fiscal expenditure efficiency of the compulsory education between 2005—2012 in Shandong province. Also, we use DEA-Malmquist model to analyze fiscal expenditure efficiency of the compulsory education among the provinces, which can decompose the index of the total factor productivity. Thus, we can improve the existing deficiencies more effectively.