| The thought-provoking "Qian Xuesen’s question" has generated a great discussion on problems of innovative talents cultivation among the educational circles and the public. They have reached a consensus on the importance of higher education for the growth of talents, and the higher education exerts direct and profound impacts on the growth of innovative talents. Therefore, the university has a responsibility for the growth of innovative talents. Works on innovative talents are numerous, but most of them just talk in generalities, without specific case support. Academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering are undoubtedly the outstanding examples of innovative talents, whose experience has a direct reference for the growth of innovative talents. But the researches about how higher education plays a role in the growth process of these academicians are in a lack of depth. This thesis takes the growth of academicians for example to study on the impact of higher education on academicians, to provide reference for reforms of universities and the growth of innovative talents.This thesis is divided into four parts. The first part is an introduction, mainly on the significance of this topic, the research status at home and abroad, research methods, and definition of related concepts. The second part summarizes the relevant theories on higher education and the growth of innovative talents. The theories of innovative talents are mainly Marxism-Leninism’s basic idea of talents, talents of Chinese traditional ideology and innovative talents of CPC collective leadership. The theories of innovative education are mainly concepts of educational values, talent quality concept, and teaching practice concept. The third part is the focus of this thesis. It selects 321 academicians of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering by sampling who received higher education from the founding of New China to the Cultural Revolution (1949-1966) and were elected as academicians before 1995 (including 1995). Firstly, it elaborates the basic situation of higher education in this special period from 1949 to 1966, which provides a historical background for the analysis of academicians’ higher education; secondly, it adopts the method of statistical analysis, to conduct quantitative and qualitative analysis on academicians’ higher education backgrounds, including undergraduate education, graduate education, and studying abroad; finally, through the case analysis, it concludes the specific impact of higher education on these academicians, mainly including determination of ideals and beliefs, establishment of a lifelong research, establishment of a correct outlook on the world, life, and values, cultivation of moral sentiments, a solid grasp of the basics and theoretical foundation; cultivation of innovative thinking and ability; enlightenment by the qualified professors to lay a solid foundation for career development. The fourth part, based on the assessment of current status of talent cultivation in Chinese universities, draws on higher education experience of academicians of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering, and starts out from schools, teachers, and students to propose recommendations on how colleges and universities play a part in the growth of innovative talents. |
PDF Full Text Request