The Research Of Sibling Relationship And Related Factors Because Of The "Selective Two-child Policy"

Background: The structure of the family of our country has undergone significant changes because of the “one-child policy”. It has been generally accepted by the people that it is naturally to have only one child in one family. However, after the rapid change from high fertility to low fertility rate, the main contradiction of population is no longer the fast growing population, but the problem of aging population and the low fertility level. The new family planning policy-“selective two-child policy” affects the one-child family greatly, because the child has shown the strong opposition toward the new born sister or brother. Then the sibling competition occurs. Objective: To understand the sibling relationship between the first and second child and the related factors because of the "selective two-child policy", so to provide the theoretical basis for guiding the mental health development of them. Methods: The sibling relationship questionnaire, children’s self rating depression scale(DSRSC), social anxiety scale for children(SASC) and general condition questionnaire were performed to the pupils from grade three to grade six in elementary schools. SPSS19.0 was used for statistical analysis, including descriptive statistics: chart(Graph), mean, standard deviation, description(Descriptive); statistical inference: t test,variance analysis, chi square test, correlation analysis and logistic regression analysis. Results: The first part: the sibling relationship and related factors of the first children.(1)The score of different dimensions:1, Fellow close dimension: the score of the female children(3.02±0.74)were higher than male children(3.02±0.74), and there were significant differences(t=-2.67,P=0.008); the score of the city children( 3.11±0.75) were higher than country side children(2.83±0.78), and there were significant differences(t=2.33,P=0.021); the score of the high economic level children(3.21±1.00)were higher than the low economic level children(2.89 ±0.73), and there were significant differences(F=8.935,P=0.003); the score of the educational style children(3.12±0.72)were higher than letting it go children(2.64±0.57)and criticizing children(2.55 ±0.88), and there were significant differences(F=14.586,P<0.001); the score of the good relationship with parents children(3.10±0.75)were higher than the good relationship with mother children(2.62±0.51)and general relationship with parents( 2.52±0.80), and there were significant differences(F=17.102,P<0.001). 2,Sibling competition dimension: the score of the educational style children(2.38±0.70)were higher than letting it go children( 1.89±0.65), and there were significant differences(F=4.503,P=0.035); 3, Sibling conflict dimension: the score of the bad relationship with parents children(2.13±0.87)were higher than the good relationship with parents children( 1.80± 0.93), and there were significant differences(F=3.915,P=0.049); the score of the general relationship with parents children(2.00±0.91)were higher than the good relationship with parents children( 1.79±0.89), and there were significant differences(F=8.394,P=0.004)).4, Comparison of rights dimension: the score of the raised by parents children(2.51±0.61)were higher than the raised by others children(2.45 ±0.63), and there were significant differences(F=5.330,P=0.022); the score of the educational style children( 2.57±0.65) were higher than criticizing children(2.17±0.66), and there were significant differences(F=4.032,P=0.046); there were no statistical differences(P﹥0.05) among the different ages, career of parents, family type in all the dimension.(2) The features of the positive rate of the first born children sibling relationship dimension by the chi square test:1,The positive rate of the sibling conflict: the score of the rural children(14.7%)were higher than the urban children(3.6%), and there were significant differences(c2=4.803,P=0.029); 2,The positive rate of the fellow close dimension: the score of the rural children(42.0%)were lower than the urban children(60%), and there were significant differences(c2=4.742, P=0.041);3,There were no statistical differences among sibling conflict, different place and gender(P﹥0.05).(3)The correlation of the score of the different dimension of the first child relationship with depression and social anxiety: the total score of depression showed the positive relationship with sibling conflict(r= 0.323, P﹤0.001),while showed the negative result with fellow close(r =-0.334, P﹤0.001); the total score of social anxiety showed the negative relationship with sibling competition(r=-0.205, P=0.003);while showed the contrary result with sibling conflict(r=0.287, P﹤0.001).(4)The related factors: the logistic analysis was used in the statistic. The risk factor of sibling competition was the relationship between parents; the risk factors of the fellow close were career of parents, education style etc; the risk factors of sibling conflict was the born place; while the different raiser was the risk factors of the sibling rights compare. The second part: the sibling relationship and related factors of the first children.1, Fellow close dimension: the score of the high economic level children(3.35±0.89)were higher than the low economic level children(2.82 ±0.73), and there were significant differences(F=8.002,P=0.000); the score of the good relationship with parents children(2.99±0.82)were higher than the bad relationship with parents children(2.58±0.66), and there were significant differences(F=8.679,P=0.004); the score of the educational style children(3.00±0.74)were higher than criticizing children( 2.68±0.85), and there were significant differences(F=8.481,P=0.004); the score of the good relationship with parents children(2.97±0.76)were higher than the good relationship with mother children(2.56±0.64)and general relationship with parents(2.68±0.85), and there were significant differences(F=7.264,P=0.008).2,Sibling competition dimensions: the score of the male children(2.38±0.74)were higher than the female children(2.15±0.77), and there were significant differences(t=2.403,P=0.017); the score of the high economic level children(2.66±0.81)were higher than the low economic level children(2.25±0.73), and there were significant differences(F=6.332,P=0.002); the score of the good relationship between parents children(2.34±0.77)were higher than the contrary children(2.06±0.71), and there were significant differences(F=4.094,P=0.044); 3,The sibling conflict dimension: the score of the urban children(1.96±0.88)were higher than the rural children(1.74±0.70), and there were significant differences(t=2.18,P=0.084); 4,The sibling rights compare dimension: the score of the high economic level children(2.77±0.76)were higher than the general economic level children(2.47±0.57)and the bad economic level children( 2.44±0.51), and there were significant differences(F=3.911,P=0.021);There were no statistical differences among different ages and raisers(P﹥0.05).(2)The features of the positive rate of the second child sibling in each dimension: 1, The sibling right comparison dimension: the score of the urban children(30.5%)were higher than the rural children( 18.9%), and there were significant differences(c2=4.220, P=0.046); 2, The positive rate of sibling competition and fellow close: there were no statistical differences among the born place and gender(P﹥0.05).(3) The features of the related analysis of sibling relationship score and the depression and social anxiety: the total score of the depression showed the positive relation with the competition(r= 0.132, P =0.040) and sibling conflict(r= 0.238, P﹤0.000)respectively; the total score of the social anxiety showed the positive relation with the competition(r= 0.152, P=0.017) and sibling conflict(r= 0.211, P﹤0.001)respectively.(4) The factors which affected the sibling relationship: the result of the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that parental relationship was an important factor that affected the fellow close; gender, grade, residence, parents’ relationship were important factors which affected the competitive relationship; residence, the educational level of the raiser were important factors which affected the relationship between children’s sibling conflict. The third part: the sibling relationship between the first and the second children:(1)The features of the score of each dimension between the first and the second child: 1,The fellow close dimension: there were no statistical differences( t = 0.261, P=0.794);2,The sibling rights compare dimension: there were no statistical differences(t =-0.985, P=0.325);3, The sibling conflict dimension :there were no statistical differences(t = 1.334, P=0.183);4, The sibling competition dimension: there were no statistical differences(t = 0.461, P=0.645).(2) The features of the positive rate of each dimension between the first and the second children: 1,The fellow close dimension: there were no statistical differences(c2=0.464,P=0.513);2,The sibling rights compare dimension: there were no statistical differences(c2=1.409,P=0.256);3, The sibling conflict dimension :there were no statistical differences(c2=1.550,P=0.217);4, The sibling competition dimension: there were no statistical differences(c2=0.427, P=0.551).(3) The features of the positive rate of depression and social anxiety between the first and the second child: 1,The positive rate of depression: there were no statistical differences(c2=2.667,P =0.128); 2,The positive rate of social anxiety: there were no statistical differences( c2=1.988, P=0.164).(4) The features of the score of depression and social anxiety between the first and the second child: 1,The score of depression: the score of the first child(18.99±4.27)were higher than the second children(17.82±4.92), and there were significant differences(t =-2.707,P=0.008); 2,The score of social anxiety: there were no statistical differences(t =1.470,P=0.142).Conclusion: The relationship between the first and second child was influenced by gender residence and other factors; and was also associated with depression, social anxiety. The depression score was high in the first born child. So according to different affecting factors the effective measures should be performed to improve the relationship between the first and second child, to prevent the competition disorder, depression, social anxiety, to pay attention to the psychological state of the first child and to prevent the depression.