Investigation On Negative Transfer Of Chemistry Learning On Senior One Students

Transfer of learning is the impact of a learning situation on another learning environment and is an important way to cognize, thus is along with the student’s life-long learning. Negative transfer is a interference or inhibition of one learning environment to another.Among all high school chemistry learning, many students will be affected by the negative transfer in the study, seriously affecting their learning efficiency.This research analyzes the studying achievement of negative transfer on chemistry and makes a research on 232 students in 3 schools in Hebei Province, by combining the characteristics of on Senior One students with a questionnaire named " A Questionnaire on negative transfer of high school students on chemistry learning". This survey uses such data processing tools as Excel and SPSS17.0 to analyze the current negative transfer situation of students of different genders and learning levels. The results are as follows:(1) Gender has little obvious impact on negative transfer among Senior One students in learning chemistry;(2) The impact on students with different scores varies greatly from such factors as they themselves, teachers, environment and other aspects. Now a further interview about the questionnaire on Senior One students brings the reason why students have negative transfer, the results are as follows:(1) The students have not firmly grasped chemistry, so they cannot accurately distinguish similar knowledge and solve problems quickly and accurately, easily influenced by the mental-set as the lack of good chemistry study habits;(2) The teacher-student relationship is not harmonious and teachers’ teaching attitude is not correct since they do not focus on the use of teaching strategies on transfer;(3) The negative transfer can be caused by similar learning content, complex structure of chemical knowledge, unreasonable teaching choreography, the not adapting of students to the new learning environment and the wrong experience formed in daily life.According to the survey and interviews, some teaching strategies are proposed to reduce the negative transfer of chemistry learning in on Senior One students:(1) to improve the students’ constructive ability of chemistry knowledge and train students to develop a good cognitive structure;(2)to focus on the diversification of teaching methods and to improve students’ capability of chemical analysis and generalization;(3) to pay attention to the secondary development of teaching materials and to effectively realize "use teaching materials to teach rather than teach teaching materials";(4) to strengthen the degree of student’s emotional cultivation and to promote positive emotional transfer in order to reduce the negative transfer of freshmen in chemistry learning.