Effect Of Zinc Supplementation With Endurance Training And Exhaustive Exercise To Mice’s Desmin And Enzyme Activity Change

Objective:In this experiment, male ICR mice are used as the research object. Through zinc supplementation on mice to investigate the trace element zinc effecting on endurance trained mice skeletal muscle glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity changes of malondialdehyde, exhaustive exercise in skeletal muscle(MDA) content, GSH-Px, SOD, serum creatine kinase(CK), and also the desmin in skeletal muscle. We use the endurance test, morphology, enzyme coupling reagent kit and immunohistochemistry technique in our experiments. Through the analysis of various enzyme activity in skeletal muscle after exercise, distributions of cytoskeleton protein desmin, exhaustive exercise time, and the changes of skeletal muscle tissue morphology immediately after exhaustive exercise, we aim to explore the effect of zinc supplementation on the improvement of mice exercise capacity.Methods: The research objects were 89 male ICR mice, a swimming test was set after three days adaptive feeding, then exclude the mice can’t swim. Next, the mice were randomly divided into the quiet contrast group, endurance training group, training zinc supplementation group, contrast exhaustion group, zinc supplementation exhaustion group. Quiet contrast group mice don’t do any treatment, contrast exhaustion group only perform one exhaustion exercise. Endurance training and endurance training zinc supplementation group will use 2 weeks group 、4 weeks group and 6 weeks group to measure the expression of desmin in the process of movement, each group will be set n = 10. Zinc supplementation method: the training zinc supplementation group and zinc supplementation exhaustion group were given zinc supplements Zn SO4 ?7H2O, [Zn]=225mg/L. The rest were given the same amount of distilled water as a comparison. Endurance training and the training zinc supplementation groups were set to 2,4, and 6 weeks of swimming training, 6 d per week. The first week in each day was set to 30 min, additive 10 min after a week, and the sixth week was set to 90 min per day. We obtained tissue materials from endurance training group and training zinc supplementation group after 24 hours, and we draw tissues from contrast exhaustion group and zinc supplementation exhaustion group immediately after the exhaustion. The exhaustion of judgment standard is: the mice were submerged in the water 10 s and unable to turn around. Test methods and indicators: ① Exhaustive swimming and record exhaustive exercise time were used to explore the possible relation between the endurance training and zinc supplementation and the mechanism of anti-fatigue. ②HE staining were used to observe the mice skeletal muscle tissue morphology after exhaustion exercise at different time point. ③ Enzyme coupling method was used to determine mice skeletal muscle in glutathione peroxidase(GSH-px) and superoxide dismutase(SOD), malondialdehyde(MDA) and the activity of serum creatine kinase(CK). ④ Immunohistochemical method was used to detect desmin content and distribution in skeletal muscle after 2、4、6 weeks training and exhaustive exercise.Result:(1) Zinc supplementation can significantly improve exhaustive exercise time, and the time of zinc supplementation exhaustion group is significantly longer than the contrast exhaustion group(P<0.01).(2) The activity of SOD in training zinc supplementation group is obviously higher than that the quiet contrast group and endurance training group after 2, 4, and 6 weeks exercises in comparison to the quiet contrast group(P<0.01) and endurance training group(P<0.05). And the activity of GSH-Px is also obviously higher than those of the quiet contrast group and endurance training group(P<0.05). The activity of GSH-Px and SOD in zinc supplementation exhaustion group is obviously higher than that of the contrast exhaustion group(P<0.05) immediately after exhaustion exercise.(3) After exhaustive exercise, the activity of CK in the contrast exhaustive mice serum is significantly higher than that of the quiet contrast group, and obviously higher than zinc supplementation exhaustive group. The CK activity in the zinc exhaustive mice serum is higher than that of quiet control group(P < 0.05). Immediately after exhaustion, the MDA in the zinc supplementation exhaustion group mice skeletal muscle is significantly lower than that of contrast exhaustive group(P < 0.05), and the contrast exhaustion group is significantly higher than the quiet contrast group(P<0.01).(4) The desmin immunohistochemistry average optical density in training zinc supplementation group after 2、4、6weeks training is obviously higher than that of quiet contrast group(P<0.05). The endurance training group is lower than training zinc supplementation group and zinc supplementation exhaustion group is significantly than that of the contrast exhaustion group(P<0.05).Conclusions:(1) Zinc supplementation can significantly improve the time of mice swimming to exhaustion, enhance the activity of GSH.Px and SOD in skeletal muscle, control the increase of serum CK after exhaustion exercise, reduce the amount of MDA in muscle after exercise, and delay the onset of exercise-induced fatigue. Thus, it can improve the anti-fatigue ability of mice.(2) Zinc supplementation during endurance training can make the mice anti-oxidase activity improved, and the activity of GSH-Px and SOD in skeletal muscle of mice is significantly higher than those of the quiet contrast group and endurance training group. Zinc supplementation and endurance training have a synergistic effect on improving the ability of anti-oxidation of mice, and the joint use can improve exercise ability of mice, and its effect is better than that of pure endurance training.(3) After zinc supplementation, the amount of desmin in training zinc supplementation group is obviously higher than that of the endurance training group and the amount of desmin in zinc supplementation exhaustion group is higher than that of the contrast exhaustion group. The reasons may arise from that zinc supplementation can promote the regeneration of skeletal muscle fibers in mice, so as to improve the endurance of the anti- fatigue and exercise capacity.(4) Exhaustive games can cause mouse skeletal muscle damage, desmin cytoskeleton destruction of skeletal muscle micro morphologic damage, pre-zinc supplementation can improve exercise tolerance in mice, reducing the extent of skeletal muscle after exhaustive exercise-induced micro-damage.