Assessing The Impact Of Entrepreneurship Education Based On The Theory Of Planned Behavior

As the important role of entrepreneurship played in promoting economic and social development and easing college students’ unemployment has been recognized widely, the issue of the graduates’ starting an undertaking has come to be the focus of various countries in the world. China has attempted to carry on entrepreneurship education reform since1999, the government developed a large number of national policies and measures to encourage and promote the entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities. After more than ten years of development, entrepreneurship education in Chinese universities has made some achievements. However, from the current situation, Chinese graduates’ starting an undertaking faced with some problems as "low entrepreneurship rate, inferior quality, low success rate". The significance and effect of entrepreneurship education are now being questioned growly, how to evaluate the effect of the entrepreneurship education effectively has become an important issue that need to be researched and solved urgently.Evaluation is the basis of improvement, it’s important to assess the impact of entrepreneurship education scientifically and effectively. However, the research of entrepreneurship education’s effect assessment in China started late and need to be improved. According to this research status, this study try to develop a framework to evaluate the impact of entrepreneurship education base on Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behavior, by establishing Evaluation Index System and taking Nanjing University as an example, to find problems of China’s entrepreneurial education and provide suggestions to prove it. According to the "time lag effect" of entrepreneurship education and the "self-selection effect" in entrepreneurship education research, this study constructed entrepreneurial intention-based evaluation model and index system of the entrepreneurship education, using the empirical strategy of longitudinal design and the control group. By taking Nanjing University as an example, the empirical results show that:1) Students’ entrepreneurial attitude’s internal structure is pathological:chaotic need for autonomy, abnormal economic rationality and neglected Know-how. And data analysis results show that entrepreneurship education courses can promote the formation of right entrepreneurship attitude effectively to a certain degree.2) Students’ entrepreneurial intention and the formation mechanism of their entrepreneurial intention are significant differences between individuals. The "self-selection effect" in entrepreneurship education exists exactly. So the assessment of the impact of entrepreneurship education by cross-sectional design is invalid and entrepreneurship education isn’t suitable for all students.3) Other factors besides entrepreneurship education in university have no promoting effect to students’ entrepreneurial intention. It indicates that entrepreneurship education hasn’t been integrated into the talent cultivation system of Nanjing University.4) The impact of entrepreneurship education is inefficiency. Entrepreneurship education courses of Nanjing university can’t Improve students’ entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial attitude and entrepreneurial self-efficacy comprehensively and effectively. The effect of entrepreneurship education courses diminishing each semester.Further analysis showed that, entrepreneurship education in China is facing many contradictions and difficulties:conflict with the social mainstream culture and education thoughts, ignore the students’ individual differences, high schools lack of resources, and so on. The deep-seated reasons for these problems are:in the development of entrepreneurship education in China, the state power always plays a dominant role so that society and market can’t participate in entrepreneurship education reform effectively, which led to the overflow of Instrumental rationality and lack of value rationality, and many other problems.Considering the practical problems and context dilemma faced by the entrepreneurship education in China, this study suggests that:government should reduce the utilitarian demands to entrepreneurship education; entrepreneurship education policy should have a definite object in view, entrepreneurship education resources should be concentrated to need; government should encourage high school to provide entrepreneurship education autonomously and push forward the multi-cooperation in entrepreneurship education; high school should pay high attention to develop students’ entrepreneurial attitude, and build rich resources of entrepreneurship education and perfective entrepreneurship education system.