Speed Skating Referee Team Development Present Situation And Countermeasure Research

Speed skating is an important winter sport in China. The researches on speed skating mostly focus on technology, training and management, but rarely on referees. Therefore, this article focuses on the study of the status quo of the development of Chinese speed skating referee team, analyses the features and shortcomings of speed skating referee team from the perspectives of historical development, basic situation, management and selection of referees, and the evaluation of coaches and athletes on referee teams, providing relevant state departments with the preliminary research results and objective way of improvement to enhance our referees team. This article analyses the speed skating referee team from different angles by referring to relative materials and books, consulting experts, questionnaires, mathematical and statistical methods and the further study on the officials, board of referees, coaches and athletes of Winter Sports Management Center. And the conclusions are as follows:1. China’s speed skating referee team has been established initially since the founding of new China in 1949, combining the competition rules of Soviet Union and the national reality at that time. After the cultural revolution, the ability of organizing competitions has also taken shape gradually. The year of 1979 has seen the born of the first speed skating referee law, and in the following year, the first national qualification examination for referees was organized. With the introduce of electronic science and technology and the ISU rules, the competition became more standardized and accurate. The Asian Winter Games is a milestone for the development of China’s referee teams, showing that our referees have the ability to serve as the judges of international competitions. To date, China has formed its own high-level and high-caliber speed skating referee team.2. The age distribution of Chinese speed skating referees is very balanced. There are many young people and the male outnumbers the female. Most of the referees are from Heilongjiang, Liaoning and Jilin province with Heilongjiang province top the list. Generally speaking, the referees are well-educated Party members with sports experience and with teachers as the main body, ensuring the high quality of the referee team. But the number of referees for the key posts are limited. Owing to the age gap, the lack of ruling experience and job restrictions, referee reserve is not enough. It’s imperative to improve the foreign language and computer level of our referees as they are the main factors restricting China’s referees from becoming ISU referee.3.China has adopted a three-level management system for referee management, namely, provincial level, municipal level and district level, which contributes to the sustainable development of our referee team. In the referee team, there are many young referees, which is conducive to the selection and appointment of international referees. That being said, the distribution of referees in China is uneven with less referees in cities and counties. Therefore, the professional ability of referees varies greatly one region to another. The main motivation for one to be a referee is one’s interest, and most referees have participated theoretical training.4. Athletes and coaches are satisfied with the working ability and professional competence of our speed skating referee team. More than 70% of all the athletes and coaches have shown satisfactory towards our referees’ professional quality, morals and mastery of the rules and the referee law. Therefore, China’s speed skating referee team is fully competent for speed skating competitions of all levels.