| "Training of innovative enterprising talents"× "entrepreneurship education" and "entrepreneurial university" are the three hot issues which has aroused a wide concern in the education circle. Throughout all the published literature, it is not difficult to find the internal relations. The rise of innovative entrepreneurial economy, as well as the implementation of innovation-driven development strategy gave rise to the urgent demand in society for innovative entrepreneurial talents, and also greatly inspired the enthusiasm of people to construct the entrepreneurial university, named "think tank", which have the absolute initiative in providing innovative human resources. However, the scientific implementation of entrepreneurship education is the core issue about the top creative talents cultivation and the construction of entrepreneurial university, and it is the major challenges of education reform in the new times. Currently, our country’s research scope in entrepreneurship education is still limited, and the lack of the depth of the features of entrepreneurship education research aimed at different types of colleges and universities (such as:agricultural universities). Based on this reality, and combined with "National medium and long-term educational reform and development plan (2010-2020)", which put forward that the colleges and universities should strengthen the employment and entrepreneurship education and guidance services, and "The Ministry of education, some suggestions about improving the quality of higher education" (high [2012]4) raised to promote the characteristics of the colleges and universities and overcome the homogeneity tendency, the article puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions about agricultural colleges and universities to carry out the characteristic entrepreneurial education, build and perfect the mechanism of entrepreneurship education in order to fostering innovative entrepreneurial agricultural talents.Combined literature research and field research, and based on collecting relevant research at home and abroad, this study did the field survey in the 17 agricultural universities in the country, material with first-hand data, and do in-depth analysis, the study found that:(1) According to the survey, entrepreneurship education in agricultural colleges and universities is still in the initial groping stage, in terms of current implementary situation: the object of agricultural colleges and universities entrepreneurship education is limited to a part of "students with entrepreneurial intention", which contributes to elite education; the entrepreneurship education is still in the initial stage of promoting, whose phases and professional characteristics of is not obvious, which is by means of the unified organization of the courses in entrepreneurship public or business plan competition, and entrepreneurship lectures, having not yet developed the system of different stages, which also can connect with each other. In addition, the implementation and promotion of agricultural colleges and universities’entrepreneurship education encounter many obstacles, such as "resource barriers", "disorder barriers ", "institutional barriers", "policy barriers" and "research barriers" and so on, among which, "resource barriers", such as the lack of professional teachers and cash-strapped, become the biggest stumbling block.(2) In terms of teaching:on the one hand, agricultural universities’entrepreneurship education teachers both in quantity and in quality are hard to meet the needs of high quality entrepreneurship education. On the other hand, some curriculums are unreasonably designed. To construct various and perfect curriculum system, which combines theory courses with practice courses, basic courses with specialized courses, popular course with characteristic courses, that can meet the demand of agricultural colleges and universities of all kinds of business learners, is a long journey.(3) In terms of supporting:the government’s policy support of entrepreneurship education is increasingly strengthened, social support are mainly composed of enterprise location, talents and funds support, and the support of other main social bodies is absent, universities themselves provide various support for entrepreneurship education, such as policy, funding, the organization and so on, which, however, has not been institutionalized and systematic.In view of current situation and problems of entrepreneurship education for agricultural colleges and universities, the study was trying to analysis its reason on the double perspective from the internal and external social environment of higher agricultural education system. Internal cause mainly attributed to the following three points:firstly, scientific concept of entrepreneurship education has not really implemented, agricultural universities’managers, teachers and students have not form the scientific cognition of entrepreneurship education; secondly, Entrepreneurship education and traditional education are both "fragmented", lack of unity and coordination, also in many ways there are serious phenomena of disconnection; thirdly, the periphery of the agricultural colleges and universities has not yet established effective interactive mechanism. Based on above analysis and PEST model, the article further illustrates the external cause of the problem form from the four aspects which are political, economic, social cultural and technical: political factors come down to the fact that the Chinese government entangle the agricultural colleges and universities with "administrative chains", economic factors come down to the fact that the economy especially the agricultural economy in our country, has not been completed to transform to the entrepreneurial economy, social and cultural factors due to the weak basis of entrepreneurial culture in China, technical factors boils down to the lag in the level of agricultural science and technology development.Based on the results of the empirical study and cause analysis, the study, which hopes to effectively relieve agricultural universities entrepreneurship education problems, promoting the healthy and sustainable development of agricultural universities entrepreneurship, put forward several suggestions about development orientation; and mechanisms to build of agricultural colleges and universities’entrepreneurship education: firstly, agricultural universities’entrepreneurship education should be aimed at "taking agricultural science, with advantages of characteristics, as the forerunner, and taking interdisciplinary cooperation hand in hand as the tendency "; secondly, it should build "triple helix" synergy mechanism, which combines innovative government officer, entrepreneurial university and creative agriculture, further enhancing expected return of agricultural universities entrepreneurship education for the stakeholders, to ensure the driving force for the sustainable development of entrepreneurship education; thirdly, it should build three-dimensional operational mechanism of "pyramid", which including thought layer, knowledge layer, and the practice layer, adopting different model of entrepreneurship education according to different levels of content, to develop agricultural talents, who have entrepreneurial spirit of innovation, entrepreneurial knowledge and innovation ability, which is needed for modern agriculture development, providing talent support and intellectual support to the progress of agricultural modernization and the whole society development; fourthly, it should build effective "one-stop" kind of teaching-management-service guarantee mechanism. In order to construct specialized teaching mechanism, it should improve perfecting the curriculum, teaching methods and cultivate the "double type" teaching staff. In order to construct scientific management mechanism, it should complete the transformation from the traditional "command and control" type of rigid management to "motivate" type of flexible management. In order to construct a full range of service mechanism, it should build opening and sharing entrepreneurship education resource pool and, establish perfect entrepreneurial education evaluation system and certification system. |
PDF Full Text Request