The Qualitative Study On The Manifestation And Causes Of Mental Health Problems Of Preschool Migrant Children

With the expansion of the scale of the migrant population in China, the number of migrant children is also increasing and the mental health condition of the migrant children raises highly attention of all circles of the society. The previous researches on mental health of migrant children mainly focus on school-age children and the researches on preschool migrant children are handfuls. It has been proved that the number of preschool children is growing. Early migrant experiences have a remarkable impact on the development of all their lives. The mental health condition of the preschool migrant children should not be ignored.Through qualitative study paradigm and purposeful sampling, this study has chosen six preschool migrant children as the study object in the area densely distributed migrant children in Shenyang. This study acquired a lot of firsthand material through observation and interviews in families and kindergartens of the six preschool migrant children. This study analyzes mental health and living environment of preschool migrant children through the collection and analysis of the data and the theory of literature. This study describes and analyzes the main performances of mental health of preschool migrant children from three aspects. The study puts the observations and interviews into the context and tries to present the result with the native concepts.The study shows that the preschool migrant children perform aggressive behaviors, disruptive behaviors and difficulties concentrating in terms of behavior custom; the preschool migrant children remain peer rejection, the teacher’s command and the parents’ neglect in terms of interpersonal relationships. The preschool migrant children have sense alienation, sensitivity and irritability in terms of emotion. The study describes and analyzes the causes of mental health problems of preschool migrant children from the family environment, the kindergarten environment and the social environment. The study shows that the family factors include:the family limited material condition,poor parent-child interaction, simple and crude parenting style and traditional educational concepts; The kindergarten factors include the teachers’ prejudice against preschool migrant children and the imperfection of family-kindergarten cooperation in non-governmental kindergarten; The social factors include: the isolation of census register barrier, the social "tag" role of the migrant children and the lack of community preschool education activities.The study put forward the countermeasures and suggestions from the family level, the kindergarten level and the social level based on the analysis of the manifestations and the causes of mental health problems of preschool migrant children.