Preliminary Research On Spatial Distribution Of Population In The Loess Plateau Based On Geomorphological Features

As an important part of sustainable development, population has always got much attention. Recently, the population study based on 3S technologies has continued to emerge, and spatial distribution of population has been a vital content. Population distribution and its dynamic changes subject to various factors, such as natural, humanities and social factors. Research on the intrinsic links among population distribution and these factors will be of great significance on the rational allocation and utilization of resources, post-disaster damage assessment, environment protection and human-land coordinated development. To some extent, being the underlying surface and the basis of the earth land, geomorphology effects the allocation of various resources and thereby affects human activities. In order to further explore the intrinsic relationship between population and geomorphology, reveal the role of geomorphology in spatial distribution of population, we choose Shanxi Province as the study area to do the reference research, which is allocated in Loess Plateau, a typical landscape area. Based on multi-source data, we first analyzed the correlations between population data and nighttime light luminance information, land use, terrain parameters. On this basis, we build a multifactor spatial model of population data that based on dynamics partition and analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of population in Shanxi from multi-aspects, including topography and population distribution structure. In the end, we use the multi-stage population spatial data to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics, geomorphological features and spatial equilibrium of population distribution. The main conclusions are as follows.1)The general characteristics of spatial distribution of population in Shanxi Province are affected by the region whole terrain features. To a certain extent, the population density shows a significant negative correlation with altitude and relief amplitude, and it is also influenced by slope and aspect.2)During the years from 2000 to 2010, the spatial correlation of population in Shanxi shows the global autocorrelation, but the impact of space for the characteristics of population distribution is gradually reduced. Population density in high- high accumulation regions and low- low accumulation regions show the gathering trend from the local area. High- high accumulation area are mainly located in plain zones, and low-low accumulation area are mainly located in mountain zones.3) From the years of 2000 to 2010, population changes of various landforms exhibits a certain similarities and differences. Populations in plains, hills and plateau areas are increasing significantly over time, while populations in mountain regions show an increasing tend after the first decrease.4)From 2000 to 2010, the equilibrium of population distribution and its variation in different landforms in Shanxi is different. The descending order of equilibrium of population distribution is plains, plateaus, hills and mountains respectively. The terrain conditions in regions with low equilibrium are always more complex. Population distributions in plateaus, hills and mountains are gradually more balanced over time. While the equilibrium in plains first increases and then decreases.5)The dynamic changes of population aggregation shows some regional differences. Take Taiyuan city for example, from 2000 to 2005, the population aggregation is spreading outward, while from 2005 to 2010, the population aggregation is spreading inward. Overall, the degree and scope of aggregation to Valley Plain that located at the Southern Taiyuan Basin is larger, and population in the west, north and east of Shanxi mainly aggregate along the Fen river Valley and Plain, while its aggregation degree and scope is smaller.