The Analysis Of Life Security Mechanism Of Landless Peasants In The Process Of Urbanization

China is a developing country, with the acceleration of the process ofurbanization and industrialization; there is a large number of land-losing farmers. Bythe end of2009, the number of farmers throughout the country has reached more than53million. It is expected that the farmers will reach$l billion by2030. The lost ofthe land as the survival base of the farmer, which has caused their interests directlydamaged.Their basic life cannot be guaranteed. As a main population in China,farmers effect social stability, so how to establish a perfect landless farmers lifesecurity mechanism to guarantee their interests not damaged is a reality problemwhich should currently be solved by our Government, is a hot research of publicmanagement scholars. Carried out the research on landless farmers life securitymechanism has its importance of relevance.The theories related to Landless peasants are urbanization theory, theory ofland rent and social security theory. Urbanization Theory described the process ofurbanization with the economic development, and the process of urbanization is theshift of rural population to urban population. This gives a theoretical basis of theoccurrence of a large number of landless farmers. Land rent theory elaborated ondifferent areas of the land plot gets different price compensation, which is the base forthe difference of compensation for land expropriation. Social security theoryelaborated on the establishment of social security is an important means ofgovernment regulation of the national income, and the countries should bear theresponsibility. Though many expects have made researches from the angles from thenecessity of establishing the life security system for the landless farmers, the overallarrangement of the landless farmers’ social security system, the basic content of thelandless farmers’ life security system, the sources of the landless farmers’ securityfund and the mechanism of the management and supervision, but the research is notsystematic. So, on the bases of the former researches, this paper woks out the theoryframework of a landless farmers life security mechanism, containing landless farmersbasic life guarantees mechanism, landless farmers life security mechanism, andLand-lost farmers landless peasants life security fund-raising mechanism, mechanism of operation and supervision of life security funds. These forms a complete system.In life security system analysis for Taizhou current landless farmers, weselected Jiaojiang District of landless farmers for life security system and Taizhouendowment insurance system analysis, pointing out some problems like thatcontinued paid way is difficult to introduced, injustice and unreasonable phenomenaare existed, guarantees level is relative partial high, and financial paid pressure israther large, and guarantees grade category set too more and is not conducive tooperation, and so on.To this end, based on theoretical frameworks of life security of landlessfarmers, we adopted the methods that the basic livelihood security and the lifesecurity should be introduced together, and meanwhile the basic livelihood securityshould be the main concern. Also, we strictly controlled coverage and highlighted thesecurity focus, determined the basic subsistence level to enable farmers to accept, andfinancially able to withstand. Designing for land-lost farmers ’ old-age security system,we take into account the new pilot program and the present basic old-age insurancefor urban employees and the linkage of old-age insurance for enterprise employees,also allow the original policy-holders to be shifted and changed to meet the realitysituation. When we design the fund raising mechanism for the landless farmers, weadopt the method of onetime payoff, to benefit the operation. We promote theprocedure of security follow levy immediately, and establish the mechanism for therisk against fund. In this way, we low the paying risk for the security fund. Designingthe operation of the life security fund and the supervision mechanism, we put forwardthe ways of managements, and we prefer the government-like management for thesake of the safety of the life security fund. The security fund is the lifeblood for thelandless farmers. For the sake of the safety of the fund, it is an important task toestablish management system, to enforce the supervision of the fund through theoutside management, and to supervise the village medical care cooperation fund.Finally, through the analyze of the original security mechanism and thedesigning of the new one, we outline a theoretical framework of the life securitymechanism for the landless farmers, differentiate the landless farmers’ basic lifesecurity and life security, innovate the landless farmers’ life security fund raisingmechanism, and improve the operation and supervision mechanism of the landlessfarmers’ life security fund.