The Multiple Subjects’ Collaboration Mechanism On The Supply Of The Village-level Public Goods

After the reform and opening up, the various aspects of economy and society inour country have obtained considerable development. It’s remarkable that the level ofthe supply of public infrastructure, education, health, social security and other publicgoods and services has increased substantially, but the long-term different dimensionsof urban and rural economic and social structures result in the gap between urban andrural areas. In the supply of public goods and services, the majority of the rural arealags behind the city. In view of the direct and important influence of development ofpublic goods and services on the improvement of the living standard of farmers andrural economic and social, improving the quality and quantity of public goods in ruralarea has become the key element to solve the problem of China agriculture. The publicgoods in rural community of this paper involve only a single rural community. Thegeneral scale is small, easy to neglect to policy makers and researchers. But the publicgoods in rural community has direct and close impact on the rural communitydevelopment and the interests of farmers. Its effective supply has the most direct andclose impact on the construction of new socialistic countryside matters. Whether thesupply of public goods is effective or not is closely related to the mechanism. Thismeans whether the supply mechanism’s design is effective directly affects theefficiency of the supply of public goods in rural community. Since the establishment ofnew China, the supply mechanism of rural public goods in China has continuouslyimproved and changed. In the time of the people’s commune, the commune organizedthe farmers to supply public goods and services by themselves. After the reform of thehousehold contract responsibility system, the township government and the villagecommittee became the main organization of the rural public goods supplement. At thesame time, farmers burden all the cost. Then after the countryside tax reform, the ruralpublic goods supplement takes the " one project one discussion, raising fund and labor"mechanism. The mechanism of rural public goods becomes more perfect and effective.But it is undeniable that the current supply mechanism is still changing and improving.There are a series of problems, needing kinds of mechanism innovations to improve it.This paper first defined the connotation and category of public goods in ruralcommunity, and the theory of the supply of public goods is studied. On this basis, the historical origin of public goods supply mechanism in rural community is analyzed andthe future development trend is presented. This paper thought that the development ofthe rural public goods supply mechanism is a process of multi subjects. And in futuredevelopment, diversification will continue. This trend acts as the enlightenment rolefor mechanism innovation. Secondly, this paper has used complete information staticgame theory and its extended theory to analyze the spontaneous collective action ofvillagers’ group. At the same time, this paper analyzed the game between the townshipgovernment and higher levels of government by the moral risk model with hiddenaction model. At this stage, the villagers groups and the government are the two mainsupply mainly in the rural public goods supply mechanism. Therefore, these twoaspects of analysis is essentially the analysis of the present village public goods supplymechanism. Based on the above analysis, this paper concluded that both thespontaneous collective action of the villagers’ group and the government supply ofpublic goods require multi subjects.The subjects of village public goods in our countryhave not diversified, for voluntary organizations, rural community organizations,villagers groups and the government did not fully play their role. Accordingly, thispaper puts forward the mechanism innovation of multi subject cooperation. Thisinnovation not only emphasizes the introduction of multi subject to the provision ofpublic goods, but also clarified the role they should play by the diamond model. At thesame time, this paper clarified the cooperative relations between them. Finally, thispaper puts forward four measures to ensure the innovation of multi subjectcollaboration mechanism for the perfection of village public goods supply mechanism:perfecting the villager autonomy system, speeding up the transformation ofgovernment functions, increasing the grass-roots voluntary organization participationand encouraging the establishment of informal organization of rural community.