| Since the seventies of the20th century, the trend of the transformation from"industrial economy" to "service-oriented economy" gradually appeared in theindustrial structure of the western developed countries. In most urban areas ofdeveloped countries, the producer services also gradually replaced manufacturingindustry as the core power and innovation source for the development of theireconomy. Since the eleventh five-year plan, China has explicitly proposed the keydevelopment of "services orienting to producers", which have developed rapidly. Butcompared with developed countries, there exist many problems such as slowdevelopment speed, low overall development level and large difference betweenregional developments. And in the process of economic development, industrialspatial agglomeration is one of the most important economic phenomenons, so is theproducer services. In this paper, the empirical analysis of China’s producer servicescluster characteristics and impact factors of gathering were conducted by using thetheory of economic geography in order to form an overall understanding of pattern ofthe development of producer services in China and the agglomeration condition. Amore scientific method of measurement was put forth for the reasonable spatial layoutand the industry layout of producer services across the country. Technical referenceand policy suggestions are provided for the optimization and upgrading of industrialstructure in China. There also exist higher reference values and practical significancefor the determination of producer services development direction and layout in Chinaand policy setting.In recent years, the producer services in China have developed rapidly, especiallythe development of modern producer services. Leasing, business services andtechnology services are on the top list of development. The scorching industry, realestate industry ranks No.3. While, the traditional industries such as transportationindustry and financial industry develop at a comparatively slow speed. Just like thestate of economic development in China, in terms of producer services distributionand development, there is an obvious gap in s in all provinces and regions. Thereappeared serious imbalance between regions. Producer services developed rapidly ineastern provinces and regions, mainly in Beijing, Shandong, Liaoning, Shanghai,Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Guangdong. In the underdeveloped western provinces andregions, such as Tibetan, Qinghai, Ningxia and Gansu provinces, employment figuresare small. In most provinces and regions in the central part of China, producerservices develop at a balanced level. Nationwide, the development pattern of "halfring", that is, the eastern, central and west arrangement is in a decreasing state. What’smore, the trend is aggravating from the aspect of development speed.From the aspect of global and local geographic agglomeration of producer services in China, exploratory spatial data analysis model was used for empiricalanalysis. Productive service industry of our country demonstrates evident geographicconcentration. Once specific to the different industry agglomeration status andabnormal value distribution, it is also different. Transportation industry and thefinancial industry have obvious space correlation and geographic agglomerationphenomenon. Provinces and autonomous regions with HH clustering are mainlydistributed in the eastern developed regions. The space proximity and driving actionhelp promote the joint development of neighboring provinces and regions, and there isan obvious "cycle accumulation effect". Provinces with LL clustering are mainlydistributed in central and west part of China, where the overall economic developmentlevel is low and there is no strong "growth pole". And long-term low spatialagglomeration state leads to the overall decline. And provinces with abnormal HL andLH are mainly distributed in central and southern part of China. There is great gap ofeconomic development in different provinces. Individual growth or decline is presentin these provinces, such as Tianjin city (LH) and Guangdong province (HL). In2008and2011, there is an obvious geographical agglomeration phenomenon in Real estateindustry. HH clustering provinces are mainly distributed in north China and eastChina, and LL clustering provinces are mainly distributed in the central and westernregions. While, the HL and LH provinces show a scattered distribution, mainlydistributed in the central and southern China, forming the present developmentsituation of individual growth or decline, Tianjin city (LH) and Guangdongprovince(HL) as the sample. There is no geographical agglomeration phenomenon ininformation services, leasing and business services. There are three reasons. Firstly,service objects of many niche businesses are the public. Where there is human living,there is such service industry, such as telecommunications, broadcasting andtelevision transmission service etc. Secondly, some industries are public sectors andthey are divided by the government in accordance with the principle of fairness ratherthan market principle. State-owned enterprises, collective enterprises and state-runinstitutions are the most. These enterprises and institutions are the reflection ofnational willpower, not completely in pursuit of interest, such as radio and televisiontransmission service and public facilities management, professional and technicalservices, etc.From the aspects of human capital, innovation ability, the level of urbanization,industrial development level, opening up and market size, geographical weightedregression model was used to analyze the influence factors on the space differencedevelopment of producer services in China. Human capital positively correlated to thedevelopment of producer services, influential provinces are mainly distributed in thenortheast, north and southeast parts of China. Regression coefficient rise of thewestern provinces is relatively small, appearing even negative. Innovation ability hasa positive contribution to the development of producer services, but the change trendis from rise to decline. The decline rate is large. Spatial difference of producerservices development is greatly influenced by urbanization level factors change,turning from negative correlation in2005and2008to positive correlation in2011.There exists the problem of "urban optimal scale". Industrial development level of producer services is positive, and the contribution of the high value area is shiftingfrom east to west. Opening up has obvious negative correlation to the producerservices. Our country has not completely let go of the limitation of foreign companiesentering the productive service industry, and most of the foreign investment is inmanufacturing. The increase of total amount of foreign investment does not play apositive role to the development of producer services. The size of the market has apositive contribution to the development of producer services, and has a growingtrend with high value mainly distributed in eastern and central parts.Analysis influence factors of Geographical distribution of producer services inChina, the condition of agglomeration and the development of the space differencehelps form a more scientific view of the characteristics and reasons of the spatialdistribution of producer services in China. There exist great theory values andpractical significance for scientific and reasonable development of producer servicesin China. It also plays an important role in realizing the transition from the "industrialeconomy" to "service economy" and the industrial structure upgrade. |
PDF Full Text Request