Endowment And Its Influence Factors Of The Middle-aged Farming Peasants

As presented at the Beijing’s first elderly conference in 2013, our country has entered a stage of rapid aging, an increase at 10 millionper year, and will reach a peak of 487 million in 2053. For the rural aging level is higher than the city’s and the economic foundation is weak, rural endowment will face a more serious problem. Especially for the middle-aged farmers, who are not only the main undertaker of traditional family endowment, but also the main objects of rural endowment al in the future, their endowment problem should be taken into consideration and make preparation in time. Based on this, this article focuses on the middle-aged famers who face the serious endowment problem in the rural area, analysis their intensions on the economic source of endowment and the way of living, and the significant factors affecting the willingness to choose, then construct the suitable diversified pension modes for the middle-aged farmers to solve the endowment problem. At last, this paper offers some feasible suggestions to alleviate this problem. So this paper has extremely theoretical and practical significance.On this basis, this article firstly give a definition to the middle-aged farmers and the dimension of endowment intension to clear the research subject and the object of study, and based on Coleman’s rational choice theory, try to explore the external environment and their own factors that deciding the endowment choice of the middle-aged farmers. Second, this article take Kaifeng city in He nan province as an example, using the survey data to analysis from two dimensions:the choice on the economic sources and the way of living, to grasp the overall propensity on the choice of the future pension by the middle-aged farmers, at the same time, make use of the regression models to verify the important factors.The results show that, on the choice of the economic source of pension, (1)the individual who have a better physical health, have fewer people living together, have higher value of durable goods in the house and the lower level of endowment worries is more likely to rely on their own when he is old; (2)The female, poor physical health, having lower level of education, having higher number of people live together, having lower personal income, having higher farmland and the higher level of endowment worries is more likely to choose to rely on their children; (3)The male, older, having a higher personal monthly income, and having a greater endowment worries is more inclined to choose rely on the new agricultural social endowment insurance. For the choice on the living way, the older, having a worse physical health, having a larger number of people live together, is more inclined to choose to live with their children.Finally, based on the results of the empirical analysis and the principle of taking the willingness to pension as the basis, multi-dimensional perspectives, the vision of combination endowments, according to the following methods:in the aspect of economic support, self supply, children support, and the new agricultural social endowment insurance form different combination through various channels to provide old-age economic support; in the aspect of life care and spiritual consolation, family care comfort is given priority, community service interaction as a supplement fill part of the endowment which the family cannot meet, forming a pattern of home endowment and institution endowment complementing each other, to meet the demand of rural farmers’ pension service of all-round, in order to construct multivariate pension mode to meet famers’desire.