Research On The Endowment Insurance Mode For Chinese Peasants

Presently ,aging has become a social problem. According to the result of the fifth census, China has already has entered the aging society. China is also a large agricultural nation, 71% of the total population is rural population. Aging problem is more serious in rural areas of china, so it is much more difficult to support the elderly in rural areas. But three is still no perfect endowment insurance system to resolve the furious aging problem. The endowment insurance of china excludes the peasants which comprises over 71% of the total population for a long time. At the same time, because of many reasons the function of both family security and land security is weakening.With the development of economy and society, the government should establish a perfect endowment insurance mode to provide for the aged. The government begins to establish social endowment insurance system for peasants from 1980s, and makes certain achievements. However, some problems accordingly arise, such as small scale, poor in all aid sex; Lower security level; collection of funds is difficult and the mode of funds management is less. These problems are potential threats to prosperity of China.The mode of endowment insurance for peasants prescribed by "rural society endowment insurance is primary plan (try out)" regulation is the main mode. Local governments explore new effective mode of endowment insurance for peasants positively while establishing rural society endowment insurance according to the above-mentioned regulation. Of all the local endowment insurance modes for peasants"the mode of endowment insurance for peasants in impoverished areas","the mode of endowment insurance for peasants in average areas"and"the mode of endowment insurance for peasants in rich areas"is the most typical classification. In conclusion, the exploration and summary about modes provides enlightenments and references for the development of endowment insurance for Chinese peasants.According to the comprehensive survey on the endowment insurance modes for peasants of German, Poland, America, Britain, Japan, Canada, France and Chile, we can find that foreign endowment insurances modes for peasants are regulated by law; almost all the peasants can enjoy the social endowment insurance; government play an important role in collecting insurance funds; The endowment insurance for peasants can promote the development in rural areas; the developing process is characterized by progressiveness and hysteresis; there are many ways to operate insurance funds. So the endowment insurance mode for Chinese peasants should provided in law; government should play an important role in establishing the endowment insurance; government should choose suitable mode and avoid adopting the same mode in every area. After continuously reforming, endowment insurance mode for urban laborers of China become more and more perfect, so it can provide some valuable experience for the development of endowment insurance for Chinese peasants in many aspects, such as the spectrum of applied objects, insurance modes, insurance funds collecting modes, operation of insurance funds etc.The endowment insurance mode for Chinese peasants should follow some specific principles, including it should suit China's national conditions; rights and obligations should be unified. give priority to efficiency with due consideration to fairness; compulsory insurance of all the peasants is supplemented by guiding voluntary participation; the endowment insurance for peasants should keep up with the endowment insurance for urban laborers; integrating family security, land security and business insurance together; combining social orchestration and personal accounts together .According to the above experience, principles and the development tendency of endowment insurance, a multiple level and unified national endowment insurance mode for Chinese peasants should be established. Under this mode, social orchestration and personal accounts are combined together; the task of collecting premium is entrusted to the tax administration section; in order to maintain value and increase in value of the funds, we should adopt new operating methods, such as trust and investment, contracted deposits, consignment loan, investment portfolio and pledged loan; at last, the social security section should entrust commercial bank to grant the old-aged pension to peasants above 60 years old.