Study On The Key Construction Layout Of High-standard Prime Farmland Based On Chongqing City

With the continuous development of economy and society, the process of China’s reform has entered a new stage which has more urgent that "four modernizations simultaneous development". With the new situation and new environment, the modernization of agriculture provides a strong support and guarantee for the industrialization and urbanization.Therefore, the party and state attach great importance to agricultural development and food production. Eighteen Reports pointed out that accelerating the development of modern agriculture, increasing agricultural production capacity, ensuring national food security and effective supply of major agricultural products.2013 Central Economic Work Conference, General Secretary pointed out that ensuring national food security was an eternal issue, put effective protection of national food security on the top of the economic work, proposed a new strategy of national food security which was based on domestic, ensuring productivity, moderate imports, scientific and technological support.2014 Central Economic Work Conference made further clarify that accelerate the transformation of agricultural development, solid foundation for steady development of agriculture, food and major agricultural production stability. Effectively promote the steady implementation of food security strategies, including the construction of high standard prime farmland which is used for ing stable yields despite drought or excessive rain. High standard prime farmland is the best part of arable land which is the basis of resources to ensure national food security strategy. Since 2008 the State Council, the government work reported that to make a construction of high standard prime farmland for the first time, the central had attached great importance to a high standard prime farmland construction work, and the national "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" in 2011 has clearly called for large-scale construction of high standards prime farmland. National Land Remediation Plan (2011-2015)" approved by the State Council promulgated had pointed out strengthening agricultural infrastructure construction based on the rule of Tian prescription, tree-lined road communication, drainage connected to irrigation drought, waterlogged discharged. The construction of high standard prime farmland would be the dominant direction of rural land remediation in the long term.Chongqing is a urban-rural comprehensive reform pilot area, where identified as the national self-sufficiency in food production areas. However, agricultural production conditions are poor in general due to hills and mountainous terrain. Therefore, accelerating regional rural land remediation, and building a high standard prime farmland hills and mountains of modern agricultural development are national food security strategies in Chongqing, which would achieve the balance between production and sales, and meet the requirements of urban-rural land use. In particular, with the implementation of the five functional areas of Chongqing strategy, different functional areas and internal functional area are different in natural conditions, natural resources, development status and development potential, making a further clarification of high standard prime farmland construction potential is a prime, overall, strategic work. Therefore, the coordinated development of urban and rural regions should be focused on the overall city to achieve agricultural development and food production overall arrangement. Ensueing the goal and construction direct of high standard prime farmland in Chongqing, and optimizing the high standard prime farmland spatial allocation are priority tasks in high standard prime farmland construction. This paper takes Chongqing city as the research object, through combing the research results of the high standard prime farmland configuration, delineation, researches current high standard prime farmland construction present situation, summarizes what has been achieved and shortcomings, and analysises the cultivated land resources in Chongqing city at present, summarizes the targeting, guiding principles and technical ideas of the high standard prime farmland construction, and the provincial level high standard prime farmland construction research framework. On this basis, the township land use master plan to determine the spot of prime farmland as the basis, to the township administrative units as the evaluation unit, from the endowment of natural resources and the demand of modern agricultural development in the two aspects of the construction of a high standard of villages and towns evaluation on the development level of prime farmland suitability and stability based on food security, and to predict the target year of high standard prime farmland scale, combined with the quality and quantity of township construction of a high standard of prime farmland of scheduling. The results of the study could be shown as following aspects:(1) From the four aspects of topography, soil properties, using conditions and geological conditions of the natural background condition, this paper uses the analytic hierarchy method to evaluate the construction suitability of high standard prime farmland in Chongqing city employing the mehods of qualitative and quantitativecombined.The result shows that the involved prime farmland protection of 861 township, among them the overall high suitability township has 159 general suitability, moderate Township 399, overall suitability difference of township 303, accounted for 18.47%,46.34% and 35.19%; each grade relates to prime farmland area are respectively 404044.43hm2,860585.34hm2 and 592552.05hm2, respectively, accounting for 21.76% of the total area of prime farmland, 46.34% and 31.90%.(2) From the spatial pattern of conditions, complete infrastructure, social and economic development conditions, geographical conditions and ecological protection condition, five aspects of characterization of agricultural modernization development needs, the use of combination evaluation method, which is the integrated ideal point approximation model method and attribute hierarchical ranking evaluation of Chongqing city high standard farmland construction stability. The results showes, the stability degree of high standard prime farmland is divided into3 grades which are high stability, stability of middle and poor stability, each other relates to other villages and towns (street) are respectively 263,264 and 334respectively, accounted for the total number of prime farmland protection relates to the township 30.55%,30.66% and 38.79%; the planning involves the prime farmland area were 813572.23hm2,511484.41hm2 and 532125.17hm2respectively, accounting for 43.81% of the total area of planning of prime farmland,27.54% and 28.65%.(3) From the point of view of the overall situation of food safety strategy, in order to achieve the Chongqing grain production balance as the goal,predict the short-term goal and long-term goal of 2020 2030 high standard prime farmland demand scale.The prediction results show that in 2020 the total size of a high standard of construction of prime farmland is 861999.78hm2, the long-term goal of the year 2030 the total size of high standard prime farmland construction for the 1270322.82hm2. With the combination of the evaluation unit natural background conditions and demand of modern agricultural development under the level, according to the priority order, the formation of 9 types of construction partition, and according to the target year of construction scale, scheduling of high standard prime farmland construction in Chongqing City, divided into the recent construction area, construction area and not long-term construction area. The recent construction area as the main position of grain and oil producing high-quality goods in Chongqing City, involving 388 Township, prime farmland area is 1004443.42hm2, accounting for the prime farmland gross area 54.08%; long-term construction area as Chongqing city high quality grain production area to supplement, township 151, prime farmland area is 327793.99hm2, accounting for the prime farmland gross area 17.65%; not construction district as the city of Chongqing has the condition to grain and oil production and reserve area, involving 322 Township, prime farmland area is 524944.41hm, accounting for 28.27% of the total area of prime farmland.High standard prime farmland construction in Chongqing City is so significancant, relating to the national strategy of food security and the situation of local economic and social development. Therefore, accelerating the high standard prime farmland construction, adapting to the requirements of modern agricultural development, in order to tamp foundation of land resources for Chongqing modern agricultural development, and to provide a solid material guarantee for Chongqing social economic sustainable development.