From The Local Agglomeration To The Regional Cluster Network

From 1990s, specific industries quickly gather in a specific area, thus establish a new industry form that industry related elements are relatively complete, industrial collaboration capabilities are supporting organic, internal interaction is frequent and efficient, external links is unblocked. This is what Michael Porter proposes industrial cluster phenomenon. Industrial clusters not only can reduce the cost of enterprises in clusters; achieve external economic, economies of scale, economies of scope; improve the overall competitiveness of the industry. And more importantly, in the new economy, industrial cluster development can promote tacit knowledge and information effectively communication and advance new knowledge, new ideas to create.However, with the deepening of the globalization process, and the rise of open innovation and cooperative innovation paradigm, traditional industrial cluster theory that emphasis spatial clustering, embeddedness and localized is increasingly questioned by scholars. Global production networks, open innovation, global cluster network and the global pipeline construction theory gradually rise. Through the flow and exchange of factors of production, such as labor, technology and capital in inter-regional, resulting in long-distance knowledge and complementary resource element is increasingly being emphasized. For the industrial cluster, it needs open development, and establishes open communication systems based on partnerships. Global cluster network theory thinks that foreign direct investment or multinational companies dominate the cross-country relationship networks between clusters. However, in essence, global cluster network, global production networks and global pipelines theory are emphasizing the interaction between enterprises and between clusters from a global perspective. In other words, from the traditional industrial cluster theory to global cluster network, global production network theory is stressed from the local to the global. While research on the regional scale—interposed between the local and global scale—were relatively neglected. Specific industries how and whether builds up regional cluster network in a particular area of the larger scale, becomes the important proposition of cluster and regional development.To answer this question, this paper proposes a regional cluster network model. Regional cluster network emphasizes exchanges and communication between clusters. Based on different local resources, industrial clusters located in different areas achieve specialized division, so as to establish cluster network links across area on based industry chain. For this connection, this paper proposes four assumptions:(i) multinationals located in the local cluster are more likely to establish contact with multinationals (from the same parent company) located in other local cluster; (ii) enterprises located in the local cluster more easily establish contact with business (in the cluster located in other area) that they know well; (iii) cooperation between members of the enterprise from different clusters is less and cooperation between companies and universities, research institutions and so on is more; (iv) clusters that gather R & D companies more likely to establish a network connection with cluster that gather production companies. In this network model, the cluster is virtual body in a regional cluster network, and is also the carrier of enterprises, universities and so on. Construction of regional cluster network is actually interactive links between the various entities. The relationship between inter-local clusters can be divided into three stages, namely incubation period, growth period and stability period.This paper makes the bio-pharmaceutical industry in the Yangtze River Delta as an example, based on the theory of regional cluster network and on the basis of empirical analysis, studying relation networks between the Zhangjiang Bio-Pharmaceutical Industry Cluster (Zhangjiang medicine valley) and biomedical industry cluster in Taizhou (China Medical City) and Wuxi (Huishan) biomedical industry cluster (Life Science Industrial Park). Yangtze River Delta is one of area that biomedical industry is the most developed. Zhangjiang biomedical industry cluster is the industrial clusters of the largest concentration of biomedical companies, most innovative and more mature of development in the Yangtze River Delta; Taizhou biomedical industry cluster is a national high-tech zones, and is the biopharmaceutical production base of the most productive and mature development in the Yangtze River Delta region; Wuxi (Huishan) biomedical industry cluster haves a huge potential for development, and is a growing industry cluster that mainly produces Medical equipment products. From the field research situation, there are a close relationship network that is established between clusters at different stages of development, and that R & D clusters, namely Zhangjiang Bio-Pharmaceutical industry clusters, establish with manufacturing clusters, namely Taizhou, Wuxi (Huishan) biomedical industry cluster between three clusters. The connection between the three clusters Verify the (1), (3), (4) the hypothesis is correct. Through The second assumption is not proved, companies to communicate based on trust is the precondition of cooperation between enterprises. In addition, the correlation between the three clusters in the different development stages also explains that the development stage of the relationship network between the clusters is different. But in general, the construction of a network of regional clusters conducive to the common development of the three clusters.