The Analysis Of Landscape Ecological Security Temporal Spatial Variation And Influencing Factors Of Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County

With urbanization and industrialization process continues to accelerate, the humans increase to obtain and transform the land resource, with irrational development and utilization of the land lead to serious land degradation, soil erosion, desertification, salinization, land use ecosystems has been severely damaged, this series of questions have seriously affected the sustainable development of human society, land ecological security research has become the current hot topic. Landscape ecological security combined ecological security and landscape ecology theory, for sustainable development and eco-environmental management has a very important significance. As the important ecological barriers of Beijing, the ecological environment of Hebei Yanshan mountains northeast hilly region has been severely affected. Therefore, for the land use status of Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County, based on GIS and remote sensing technology, obtain 1991, 2002, 2012, three land use data, by the number change analysis of land use, the dynamic change analysis of land use landscape pattern, with a systematic, comprehensive analysis of the characteristics and evolution of land use change and landscape spatial pattern of Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County from 1991 to 2012,then based on the theory of landscape ecology, using grid technology, and with the landscape disturbance index and landscape fragility index is established to assess the landscape ecological security,it was analyzed that the temporal and spatial characteristic of landscape ecological security in Qinglong Manchu autonomous county from 1991 to 2012,and put forward reasonable optimization measures. Finally, explores the main factors of landscape ecological security change from population density, vegetation coverage, terrain and traffic factors this four areas, with the following conclusions:(1)From 1991 to 2012,the land use pattern of Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County changed greatly. Overall showing "three increased three decreased" trend, cultivated land, water and unused land decreased, garden, construction land, woodland rise. The results of the landscape pattern change showed that the degree of fragmentation of plaque continues to increase, distribution tends to complicate, the expansion speed of construction land continue to accelerate, anthropogenic interference on the landscape pattern more intense. Each type of spatial structure of the landscape becoming more and more complicated.(2)Combine Grid GIS method and Landscape Index, calculate the landscape ecological security index of each grid cell, and using Kriging method interpolation to interpolate grid landscape index. Drawn landscape ecological security space three distribution map of Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County in 1991, 2002, 2012.The hird phase of the landscape ecological safety degree, in the spatial pattern of distribution of the county, has great difference and similarity. The similarity reflected in the distribution of ecological safety showed Zu mountain forest farm and Du mountain forest farm were highest, followed by the Midwest to a small area, the North Central Region were the higher, west, south, northeast of ecological security in some areas were low grade. Differences shows that landscape ecological security in some areas in the eastern town presented rise trend. The landscape ecological security of the Midwestern town include Xiao Yingzi town and Lou Zhangzi town, north-central town include Ma Quanzi town and Tu Menzi town lower than the obvious.(3) Selecting the population density factor, traffic factor, terrain factor and vegetation coverage factor to analyze the influence factors of landscape ecological safety. The results showed that the population density factor had a reaction to the improved of the landscape ecological security level in certain degree; the areas with populated roads because of the strong influence of the human disturbance had a reaction to the landscape ecological security level in different degree; the slope and the landscape disturbance index were in inverse association, and then is helpful to improve the landscape ecological security level; the vegetation coverage factor had a raising effect to the regional landscape ecological security level. In view of the landscape ecological security situation of Qinglong manchu autonomous county, combined with the local actual situation, respectively put forward the specific optimization measures from the reinforcement area of the landscape ecology security, the weakening area of the landscape ecological security and the key promotion area of the landscape ecological security.