A Study On The Problem Of The Female Pension Insurance Treatment Under The Gender Differences

The trend that the aging of population in our country is intensifying,due to theaverage Life expectancy of women is longer than man,the trend of "feminization ofaging population ","feminization of elderly population "is obvious. Therefore,in ourpension problems, we should pay more attention to the female pension problems.Comparing to the situation of men, the Coverage rate of women’s pensions arelow both in the coverage rate and the treatment,the differences exist in the old ageinsurance system performed in formulation and development, which increase thepoverty risk of old women. While some systems based on the principle ofgender-neutral position, but the relative specificity of women is not taken into accountin fact, ignoring the interests of women, which caused by the gender difference inpension insurance system. With the reform of the pension insurance system, thepension is more inclined to focus on efficiency and individual accumulation, thedetermine of the treatment is based on employment and income. However, womenhave a low labor participation rate generally,low salary, low retirement age and longlife expectancy. Further more,they take more responsibilities that related to familycaring, so that their pension treatment which based on the employment and income isquite low. Old women is the ones who bear the multiple pressures of age, health, andeconomic aspects mostly. According to these characteristics in today`s China, thegovernment has not establish a special pension insurance for them.The income related pension insurance system is not conducive to women groups.In this paper, Our female pension benefits issue under study gender differences Thispaper study the problem of the female pension insurance treatment under the genderdifferences, starting from the perspective of gender differences, with the gendertheory and the theory of human capital investment for support, analysis the problemof female pension insurance in our country. This paper through literature analysis,describe the pension situation of women,pointed out that the difficult position of female pension is aging, poverty and sub healthy. By Elaborate the pension policychanges of female pension treatment in our country, Raise Doubt about the level offemale pension treat. Pointed out there are gender difference in our pension insurancetreatment. And this difference mainly caused by three reasons. The first is institutionalreasons, In the process of making pension policy does not considering the differencesof payment years, payment of wages, individual account amount and the average Lifeexpectancy between men and women, so that female pension treatment is lower thanmen. The second is the reason of gender culture. Our gender culture believe thatwomen should under take the primary responsibility for family care, which makethem spend relatively less time in employment.Last but not least, women also at adisadvantage in education and employment.Increase pension benefits for women, the article presents some target suggestions,such as Improve laws and regulations about improving gender interest; establish aelastic retirement system based on gender differences;Establishment of femaleemployment support mechanism to improve women’s wages level; improve thepension insurance system, considering to introduce the survivor pension benefits andSpouse joint annuity, and narrow the gender differences in pension treatmentgradually and increase the female pension insurance treatment.