The Policy Of Public Housing In Chongqing

It was a international topic that every one has their own house, governments around theworld all care about people’s living conditions and make different housing policies based ondifferent situation of economic development to suit the needs of inhabitation requirement. Onthe other hand, a housing policy which was not suits their national reality will grow serioussocial unstable factor. So, every government always tired their best to make the housingpolicy to suit its national reality.For example, since the founding of new China in1949, Chinese governments never giveup the ideas of housing security system. Before the open-up and reform policy, because allkind of materials were scarce and the government plays a key role in economic society, so thehousing policy was equal to the welfare housing system. After the open-up and reform policy,with the complete opening of China’s economy, economic play a key role in market andcontinuous improvement of life level promoted people’s housing demand, all of thisgovernment change their attitude on housing, adopting the idea of free competition. But itbrought a serious of social problems. Welfare housing system and commercial residentialbuilding were imperfect, especially the ever increasing housing prices in recent years madelots of people can not afford it. So, in the new century, some cities in China like ChongQingmade serious of housing policies of two-track firstly,“two-track” means that governmentguaranteed that the poor and middle class would have their house, the market adjust thehousing needs of ordinary people, so the social housing started appearing.Poor and middle class masses make up more than70%of the country’s populationaccording to the most recent census, just rely on commercial housing can not solve the livingproblem, this was raised lots of governor and scholar’s concern on the construction of socialhousing. Social housing consists of two main parts: affordable housing and low-rent housing,this was too little. For the safeguard object, affordable housing was to guarantee low-incomefamilies’ house needs, and low-rent house was to guarantee the countrymen’s house needs,but with increased of the labor force’ liquidity and more colleagues chosen to stay where their university was in. These people not only didn’t eligible for application criteria of low-renthousing but also couldn’t brought commercial house, this was anther reason why socialhousing appeared, and this also reflect that Chinese government has always placed peoplefirst.As the only municipality in West China, ChongQing’s economic situation was attractedmore attention of central government, and its status also affected the economic developmentof the west. With increasing population in ChongQing, ChongQing government do furtherefforts on social housing, public housing was originated in ChongQing which was struckdown the residence registration and brought remarkable gains for its two-track policy. Forthis, ChongQing have became one of the best city who did a good job in social housingpolicy.It was provide a new perspective in public management for the appearing of polycentricself-governing theory, it help government abandoned the old mode of provision of publicgoods. This new mode combined with government, market and society, compeered with theold mode, it demonstrated the advantage on solving social problem. This paper tries to usethis new mode to put advice for government in construction of public housing and try to solveserious problems that public housing face to, such as: the current land system didn’t adjustthe public housing that made public housing couldn’t get it construction goals and couldn’tdistinguish applicant clearly, this would cause inequalities; because of unclearly of thespecific operating procedure made supervision mechanisms can’t be effected and publichousing was in its early stage whose rent can’t be defined, all these factors let theconstruction of public housing became a complicate and systematic project which concerningmany interested parties. So, government should play a dominant role as always, and more,improve relevant systems and give some guarantee also should be necessary.