Analysis On The Structure Of Import And Export Market In China

Along with the deepening reform and open in an all-round way, Chinese economic status is rising, and China has become the world’s second largest economy when China surpassed Japan in2010. According to the world trade development council in2013, Chinese import and export of goods totaled$4.16trillion, in which the export occupied$2.21trillion and the import occupied$1.95trillion. China has replaced America, becoming the world’s first goods trade power since2013. Chinese trade objects throughout the world, have reached more than220countries and regions. However, Chinese import and export markets are too concentrated in a few countries and regions. In2013, Chinese import market focused on Japan, the European Union, the association of south-east Asian nations, Taiwan, South Korea and the United States, of which the market share reached55.07%. Moreover, Chinese export market focused on Hongkong, ASEAN, Japan, South Korea and Taiwan, and of which the market share reached41.23%. Thus, although Chinese foreign trade has developed rapidly, the structural imbalance of Chinese import and export market is still a significant problem.This paper mainly analyzes the import and export market structure after Chinese accession to the WTO and focuses on the status quo and existing problems of Chinese import and export market during the period of2002-2013. The paper is divided into five parts.The first part is the introduction, which discusses the research background, and the significance of this article. With a review of the relevant import and export market structure literature at home and abroad, we analyze the focus of these studies, study the derivation methods and put forward the innovation and deficiency of the paper.The second part analyzes the status of Chinese import and export market structure. Firstly, it analyzes the distribution Chinese import and export market according to the import and export trade volume and the total amount of foreign trade of China. Then, it introduces the index of import and export market structure and makes use of HHI, HI and Til to analyze import and export market concentration degree and trade association between China and major trading partners.The third part points out the problems of the import and export market structure in our country. Namely, there exists serious imbalances of import and export market in the foreign trade. At the same time, from two aspects of root cause and direct cause, the paper analyzes the structural imbalance of Chinese import and export market. The fundamental reasons mainly include the reason of the result of international division of labor, industrial structure and geographical factors, while the direct reasons include the impact of foreign trade policy and the role of multinational companies.According to the problems and reasons of the structural imbalance of Chinese import and export market, the fourth part puts forward the corresponding solutions and suggestions from five aspects, which are giving full play to the comparative advantages, speeding up the upgrading of industrial structure, strengthening regional economic cooperation, making effective government foreign trade policy and cultivating enterprise’s core competitiveness. As a result, we can consolidate the developed areas, such as the European Union to China’s strong market, optimize the market of the United States, South Korea, Japan, ASEAN and other countries and regions, and further exploit the market of India, Brazil, Russia and other countries.The five part is the conclusion.The innovation of this paper makes use of HHI to analyze the overall structure of import and export market, HI to analyze the internal structure of import and export market, and TII to analyze the trade correlation between China and major trading partners, according to the import and export market share of Chinese15major trade partners in the period of2002to2013. The paper not only reflects the problem of Chinese import and export market concentration on the whole, but also from the trade association between China and its major trade partners reflects that Chinese import and export markets are too dependent on some countries and regions.The shortcomings of this paper is that the article involves in the import and export trade which is the trade import and export of goods, and doesn’t consider trade in services. Thus to some extent, this paper has limitations and doesn’t fully complete reflect the status quo of the structure of Chinese import and export market.