Research On The Phenomenon Of Counter-urbanization In The Process Of China’s Urbanization

At present, the basis of the world economic recovery is not solid, the impact of the international financial crisis has not been eliminated, the world economic growth is still slow, and the international market demand is still weak. Over the years, China economy’s dependence on the foreign trade is rising and economic growth to a large extent depends on the international market. At the same time, the investment rate is too high, while the consumption rate is too low. As a major power, if we mainly rely on investment and external demand to stimulate the economic growth in a long term, it will increase economic instability which is not conductive to a virtuous cycle of national economy. Expanding domestic demand to adjust the economic structure is the only solution, and the urbanization is the strategic focus on expanding domestic since the urbanization contains a huge domestic demand space. Nowadays, China’s urbanization is rapidly advancing and the level of urbanization is continuously improving. However, the "counter urbanization" phenomenon appears in the economically developed southeast coastal area of our country. How to understand and deal with this problem relates to the healthy development of urbanization in china.Firstly, this paper reviewed the related theory about the urbanization and counter urbanization at home and abroad in the method of literature retrieval. Through the studies, this paper found that the urbanization process in China not only includes the general characteristics of urbanization process such as agricultural population transfer to the city, rural economy to industrial economy transformation and rural society to urban society evolution, but also is closely related to national policy intervention. Counter urbanization is accompanied by urbanization development, hence it can be said that what kind of urbanization will have what kind of counter urbanization. Secondly, this paper based on serious analysis on the phenomenon and reason of the urbanization in the western developed countries concluded that "the counter urbanization" is not negation and reverse movement of the urbanization and it appears in the advanced stage of urbanization due to the economic restructuring of the city itself and the optimization of urban scale and system caused by the spatial structure adjustment. Although urbanization extended urban geographically and shrank the gap between urban and rural areas, it may also leads to the decline of the center city, overspreading of the urban space, land waste, segregation, etc. Counter urbanization in China appeared in the period when overall level of urbanization was in the low stage and it only appeared in the southeast coast of our country economy more developed. Through the analysis on the phenomenon of counter urbanization, it concluded that "the counter urbanization" in China is composed of two parts. One part is brought by,the economic development necessity and industrial upgrading of our country, while the other part is caused by the policy of our country, which is totally different from the western developed countries. Finally, this paper argued that "the counter urbanization" should be treated with a dialectical view, neither partially negative nor overstated. Seen clearly its advantages and disadvantages, it can be guided to the path of new urbanization construction in an reasonable way.