The Multi-dimensional Poverty Research Of Counties In Xinjiang

The poverty is a long-term major economic and social problem in the development of human social, Xinjiang is located in the northwest of our country, due to the remote location, poor living conditions, and the historical conditions, the economic development level of Xinjiang lags far behind other regions in China, and the poverty problem is very prominent. The poverty problem of Xinjiang is a big event what related to our national unity, social stability, border consolidation.Firstly, the author collates and analyzes the poverty research achievement of experts and scholars at home and abroad from the poverty concept, the affecting factors of poverty. Secondly, in-depth analysis and demonstrates the necessity of poverty problem research from one-dimensional extended to multi-dimensional. At present, the object of most scholars’ poverty research located in the individual or family, rarely studied in the county as a unit, and the poverty alleviation work of Chinese government adopt the method of identifying key state-supported poverty-stricken counties. Therefore, this paper use Xinjiang County as a research unit, based on the theory of Sen. multi-dimensional poverty perspective, according to the most authoritative study trends of multidimensional poverty, combined with the specific situation in Xinjiang, and build the multidimensional poverty index system including the level of economic development, environmental resources, the standard of living health, education and so on.On this basis, according to the established multidimensional poverty index system, using the AF Multidimensional Poverty Measurement Methods measure the multidimensional poverty of Xinjiang, the study found: from a single dimension, the southern counties are more concentrated the presence of more than five or six indicators of poverty, some counties even exist the poverty in almost all indicators, while the vast majority of the northern counties are more concentrated in the presence of 1 to 2 at the same time fewer indicators of poverty. The poverty incidence of the southern border is much higher than northern border. There is a large gap between the southern and northern poverty, the poor county of Xinjiang focused on national poverty counties, Southern part. From the multi-dimensional perspective, through the measure analysis of Multidimensional Poverty Index, no matter how much poverty threshold is taken, the multidimensional poverty incidence(MPI0), the average multidimensional poverty(MPI1), the multidimensional poverty depth(MPI2) of the Southern Counties, are much higher than the northern region; through the decomposition of Multidimensional Poverty Index, the multidimensional poverty of the southern region are mainly concentrated in the level of economic development, environmental resources, the standard of living and so on. The multidimensional poverty of the northern region are mainly concentrated in the environmental resources, living standards, health and so on.To locate accurately the most important factor of the national poverty counties. Through the logistic regression modeling found that the expenditure ratio of the local fiscal revenue, the proportion of non-agricultural population, the per capita forest area, the per capita total power of agricultural machinery, the per capita housing area, the per capita education spending, the number of primary and secondary school teachers have a significant impact on the national poverty counties. And then every three years’ time interval, collecting the data of 69 counties in 2006, 2009, 2012, and use the poverty line of 2012 as a standard, and use the incidence of poverty, the poverty gap ratio, poverty the depth of poverty to study the performance of poverty alleviation in recent years. Studies have shown that: firstly, whether it is the average deprived degree, the average poverty gap, the depth of poverty is declining in six years, the extent of multidimensional poverty eased and the achieved certain results in Xinjiang. Secondly, the poor results in 2009-2012 compared to 2006-2009, the more significant.In key counties and three southern states as a case, analyze the performance of poverty alleviation of these three years. Studies have shown that: the annual per capita income of key counties and three southern states have a significant increase in six years, and the proportion of wage income and property income gradually increased, the proportion of household income business gradually declined, the constitute of revenue sources become more reasonable. The population proportion of primary school education achieves significant improvements. Otherwise, the population proportion of College or above degree did not achieve steady growth in the key poverty counties, and owing a larger drop rate in three regions the south of Xinjiang; the physical health of resident did not achieve improved significantly and even appearing the local trend of deterioration in poverty key counties and three southern states.Finally, combining the above analysis, the paper makes some specific policy recommendations for the poverty alleviation work of Xinjiang.