Research On The Pricing Mechanism Of Residents Heating

Heating in winter is the basic need of urban residents in China’s northern region, especially in the northeast, Inner Mongolia and other regions. The heating period in these places is close to half a year and it has become an important livelihood project for it relates to the basic living and normal production and operation. The “heat” as a special commodity between producers and consumers, how its price reflects the costs and benefits of producers and the value belong to consumers has become a contradiction.This paper adopts field research and literature research methods. First it analyzes the heating market situation and problems of Harbin. And make a contrast with the other cities outside the province on charging method. Then classify and explain the influencing factors of heat pricing. At last construct the pricing model of residents heating and make the price calculation. After that it analyzes the cost structure of different types of samples and explore its deep-seated reasons. On this basis, put forward policy recommendations about the pricing mechanism of residents heating.By measuring analysis, the current price of residents heating in Harbin is at a reasonable and affordable range and still has space to reduce. Heating costs affect the price mostly and the basic elements that affect the heating costs mostly are fuel costs, labor costs and depreciation of fixed assets. The trend of the comprehensive cost and the price movement of the coal are basically the same. But the proportion of coal costs shows a declining trend. The costs of cogeneration are generally lower than boiler room area and scattered small boilers. And social business costs are generally lower than the property heating Group. Group heating costs are higher than the social, on the one hand, the institutions are complex and management is not in place; on the other hand, it is also related to bearing more social responsibility such as accepting heating tasks abandoned by the scattered small boilers and more old towns in jurisdiction.This study will not only help improve our heat pricing and adjustment mechanism and enhance standardized management to the heating enterprises, but also can ease the contradiction between producers and consumers at a certain extent.