| Defense cities were the ancient common military fortifications and the important material carrier of the implementation of land policy regime in the Western Region of ancient China, which were the most typical especially in Tang Dynasty. The Anxi protectorate was moved to Qiuci in 658 AD. In the meanwhile,the Four Garrison Commands of Anxi was set. And the focus the center of gravity of managemnet and planning of Tang was transferred from the western states to Qiuci. In the view of the need of military defense, the defense cities of the Four Garrison Commands of Anxi, including Qiuci,Yanqi,Shale,Khotan were ste one after another. The layout of the defense cities in the Four Garrison Commands of Anxi was improved with the development of the situation for the next handred years.Governing the western regions of Tang dynasty in early. The main task of the defense cities was reassuring the threat of the local authorities. Therefore, the priority of the layout of the denfense cities was at the region of Qiuci, Yanqi and so on. In the middle of Tang dynasty emphasized the layout of the denfense cities in the Suyab,Shale and Khotan. To denfense the invasion of Tubo and Caliphate, and the denfense cities of Qiuci became the rear of the Tang dynasty’s strategic in the western regions. At last, the northwest frontier defense system was set, which included the the three large denfense city regions: the regions of three denfense cities. And the western regions. It prvided the effective protection for the northwest border security of Tang dynasty.The paper is the part of the major project of National Social Science Fund-Investigation and Study on the Historical and Cultural resources around Tarim. The strategy about the layout of the Four Garrison Commands from the grassroots to improve the implementation was expounded and some historical reference was conducted to improve the layout of the XPCC. This papaer is divided into four parts: First of all, the research background was introduced and the research results of domestic and foreign was hacked.Second, the environment of natural and social and the primary process of uniting were introduced briefly. Third, based on the field investigation and the archaeological records, combined with the literature handed down from ancient times, the process of improving about the layout of denfense cities was analysised. Fourth, under the denfense system of the layout of denfense cities, the northwest border security was achieved. The economic and cultural were promoted. Fifth, as the historical and cultural heritage, the denfense cities have very important realistic value. And combined with the historical experience of the layout of the denfense cities, how to improve the layout of the XPCC in south Xinjiang is given a reference.Although it has been for thousands of years, the historical experience of the layout of the denfense cities in the Four Garrison Commands of Anxi still has important reference meanings for maintaining the security of south of the Xinjiang production and Construction Corps. The Xinjiang Production and Constrction Corps is a continuation of the ancient dynasty to defend strategy. In contemporary era, it will benefit future generations. Here time has changed, and China’s overall situation is becoming more and more serious in the northwest frontier. In recent years, the southern society stability situstion especially highlights. As the normal tissue of the stability of Xinjiang Crops, we should be based on the situation, and the layout of the corps mission field in southern Xinjiang should be improved to playing the role of the stabilizer on border. |
