Research On The Joint Development Zone In Shanghai From The Perspective Of Spatial Governance

Since the establishment of development zones at 14 coastal cities in 1984, development zone has become a powerful engine of regional economic growth. However, in recent years, the profits of institutional innovation of the development zone have gradually dissipated. Spatially, the predicament of "developed areas have projects but lack of land while less developed areas have land but lack of projects" has appeared. Part of the development zone investment environment has been closed due to the local protectionism. These factors make the joint development zone become a concerned topic.Gained some experience in co-construction, Shanghai development zones, have become the first city that built a joint development zone in the Yangtze River Delta region. co-constructions different from government, spatial governance advocates multiple stakeholders communicate through conversation, coordination and cooperation, to make up for the lack of government and market regulation. Taking the Shanghai development zones as the research object, and the spatial governance as the core theory foundation, herein:(1) Based on the perspective of spatial governance, a theoretical analysis framework is constructed to explore co-construction of the development zone under the participation of multiple stakeholders, such as government, social capital and enterprise participation. (2) Through the use of data analysis and self-organizing feature map model (SOM), the spatial distribution characteristics of the evolution, efficiency of space and spatial clustering analysis are conducted in Shanghai development zones. By the exploration of the spatial characteristics, a basis of the feasibility to co construct the development zone is provided. (3) According to previous analyses and field interviews, the internal mechanism, cooperation mode and existing problems in the joint development zone are summarized. In this paper, Caohejing Hi-Tech Park is used as the case to study; the development path of the co-construction is summarized, in order to contribute a reference for other development zones.After analysis, the following conclusions are drawn in this paper:(1)Spatial characteristics of Shanghai development zone. In spatial distribution, Shanghai development zones have experienced the evolution process of "agglomeration-dispersion-multi center network" in spatial structure. Distribution of the development zones makes the original urban space fragmented, thereby develops a multi-level spatial governance form. In spatial efficiency, Shanghai suburban development zones are the largest by count, cover the largest areas and gather most of the industrial production. The land use potential is better than other regions. In spatial clustering analysis, the comprehensive development level of Shanghai Development Zones shows a gradient difference; nearly half of the development zones are under the low level development stage (40.6%). Spatial form is presented to decrease from the edge of the outward radiation pattern. Some development zones are clustered with the industrial belt distribution. Therefore, it is necessary for Shanghai Development Zones to co-construct, so as to enhance the comprehensive competitiveness.(2) Co-construction mode and existing problems in Shanghai development zones. Since diversified governance may better reflect the complicated individual preferences and is more effective than purely government monopoly mode, according to the different interests of the multiple main body, this paper divides the Shanghai joint development zone into 4 types:government led, Development Zone led, enterprises led and non-governmental organizations. Currently, the existing problems of Shanghai development zones co-construction are as follows:policy changes due to the local government change revoke of the tax refund policy, unwillingness of high level talents to underdeveloped areas, weak industry supporting capacity in Development Zone, and administrative barriers brought by local protectionism, et cetera.(3) Co-construction experience in Caohejing Hi-Tech Park joint development zones. There are mainly seven aspects in the following:by adopting corporative management to implement brand output; building development company for unified management; rely on the industrial chain to achieve upgrading of industrial structure; setting up friendly development zones; collaborating with platform economics; revitalizing the stock of land; establishing coordination management, and so on.