Research On The Railway Part-load Goods "Door To Door" Pricing Based Road And Railway Price Relations

As price reform continues to promote and deepen, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council ask for a gradual liberalization of prices in railway transportation competitive field, expanding the range of independent pricing for railway transportation enterprises, improving the dynamic adjustment mechanism of price of railway freight transportation which is linked to highway and simplifying the freight price structure.China Railway Corporation has opened up to accept the bulk cargo business, begun to develop the railway freight "door to door" full logistics service energetically and take "buyout price" measure. Although the degree of marketization of railway transport price has been improved to some extent, it still can’t meet the requirements of market competition and it doesn’t play a good leverage role, putting railway transportation at a competitive disadvantage. Therefore, it is necessary to straighten out the relationship between railway price and highway price, carry out and promote the research on the "door to door" service pricing of railway bulk cargo freight transportation based on the competition between railway and highway.This paper relies on a key project of China Railway Corporation which is conducted by school of Traffic and Transportation, BJTU and Hohhot Railway Bureau. Meanwhile, this paper studies China’s railway bulk cargo freight "door to door" service pricing issue systematically through field research and customer demand survey from the following aspects.(1) On the basis of introducing the domestic and foreign logistics enterprises pricing, the development course and the main problems of railway freight pricing in China are analyzed, and reference and inspiration about promoting China’s rail freight "door to door" service pricing are proposed in this paper.(2) This paper analyzes the demand of China’s bulk cargo transportation and logistics market and the competition state. On the other hand, it points out the importance of the price factor when railway competes with road freight in bulk cargo field.(3) Railway bulk cargo freight "door to door" service pricing principles of market-oriented decision-making, dynamic adjustment, differentiation strategy, and transparent accounting are proposed in this paper. And the ideas of covering the lowest cost and closing to the market price are cleared in this paper. Combined with the reality of railway transport enterprises, this paper uses a comprehensive pricing method which considers multiple factors such as cost, competition and demand.(4) This paper designs the highway freight pricing model based on six major factors, such as vehicle toll, fuel cost, vehicle repair, depreciation, wages and other expenses. In addition, it also designs railway freight "door to door" transportation fees function, considering sending service fees, track access charges, locomotive traction, car use fees, arrival service fees, access to service charges and other factors. Railway bulk cargo freight "door to door" pricing optimization model is proposed in this paper, and this model’s decision variable is price ratio between highway and railway, and objective function is the maximum operating income of railway freight. The railway freight "door to door" service price, the share ratio and the corresponding table scheme of business income are designed under different price ratio between Beijing and Hohhot in this paper. Besides this paper puts forward several measures to promote the "door to door" service pricing strategy of railway freight transportation in China.There are 19 figures,38 tables and 93 references in this paper.