Study On Land Use Dynamic Change And Its Driving Force Of Tongshan County

In recent years, with the rapid development of social economy and population explosion, human activities on land use have become increasingly frequent and intense, which also have led to a series of resources and environment problems. It is in this background that the global environmental change research has become a common concerned focus on human society, which has realized that the change of land use is an important part of global environmental change and the main reason. Therefore, land use/cover change has gradually become the hot issue of global environmental change research, and it is meaningful to coordinate economic development and resources environment protection, especially to the sustainable development.This article selects Tongshan county within the territory of spatial-temporal mountainou area as the study area, using the annual land use change survey data on the standard of the land use status classification system (GB/T21010-2007). First, analyze the current situation of land use quantity structure and location quotient of Tongshan county in 2013, then analyze the land use dynamic change of Tongshan county from 2005 to 2013, mainly from the number, amplitude changes, a single dynamic change, utilization degree of change and regional difference of five aspects to analyze, finally draw the following conclusions:(1) the agricultural land of Tongshan county showed a trend of decline, construction land is increasing, the area of cultivated land, garden land, forest land is respectively decreased by 4.94 hectares,553.67 hectares and 576.00 hectares, the variation is respectively -0.02%,-20.83%,-0.33%; the area of urban village and industrial and mining land and transportation land is respectively increased 493.00 hectares,66.50 hectares, the variation is respectively 8.29%,12.41%; (2) The conclusion that the change rate of land use degree is greater than zero shows that the land use of Tongshan county is in development, the change rate of land grading index 2,3 is less than zero, revealing the farmland is in recession, and the change rate of land grading index4 is greater than zero, revealing the construction land is in development; (3) there are significant regional differences of land use, the land use inner differences on Z values of all the towns in cultivated land, garden land, forest land, grassland were 137.6438, 1787.9241,26.5000,51.57237, it shows the largest regional difference is on garden, followed by the cultivated land and grassland, the smallest is the forest.Based on the analysis of the land use change, this paper further discusses the influence factors on the change, and analyzes the driving forces from natural factors and social economic factors of two types. Natural driving force is given priority to analyze with the qualitative method, including the climate, topography and hydrology, water resources, soil four aspects; and socioeconomic factors analysis is in a quantitative way, which use principal component analysis method and SPSS software platform, to analyze the social economy data of Tongshan county from 2006 to 2014, to extract the two principal components. Finally it is concluded that the social economic factor is the main driving force of land use change in Tongshan county, and land use change composite scores of driving factors is from -0.230 in 2006 to 1.313 in 2014, Which mainly affect the social and economic driving factors of land use change include economic development, urbanization, industrial structure adjustment, and the agricultural technology progress. On economic development aspect, the DGP of Tongshan county is increased from 20.76 billion in 2006 to 90.1 billion in 2014, increasing by more than four times in just nine years; Fixed asset investment is increased from 9.04 billion in 2006 to 137.01 billion in 2014, investment rose is nearly by 15 times. The growing change of the economic is prompting the ways of land use; In the aspect of industrial structure, the proportion of the three industries is from 31.10:34.80:34.10 in 2006 to 15.70:35.80:48.50 in 2014, the industrial structure is developed from 二>三>一 to 三> 二>一, and under the driving of the adjustment of industrial structure,the land use structure is also change; In agricultural technology and policy, the chemical fertilizer usage of Tongshan county is increased from 5099 tons in 2006 to 8895 tons in 2014, the effective irrigation area of farmland, electromechanical irrigation area, total power of agricultural machinery are also increasing year by year, with the planning of Wuhan city circle "8+1", the provincial poverty up a pioneer, the policy of returning farmland to forest and grass, all affect the agricultural structure adjustment, so as to change the way of land use and structure.According to the characteristics of land use change and its driving analysis, summarize that there are still problems in land use in Tongshan county, and on this basis, put forward suggestions on five aspects according to the principles of regional sustainable development, namely the economic feasibility, social acceptability, ecological safety protection constraints and so on, in order to realize the rational land use and urban and rural areas coordinated development as a whole.