| Since the reform and opening-up, China has been producing goods for exportation with the cheap labor and land resources from our country and the technology and capitals from the developed ones, accelerating the development of export-oriented economy. This move has brought rapid growth of our economy, and has been even considered as "China miracle" by developed countries. However, there are some hidden troubles buried under the rapid economic growth. The long-term implementation of export-oriented economy strategy on the one hand has made our foreign exchange reserves too large to shunt, leading to the central bank issuing extra RMBs repeatedly, which increased the pressure of inflation a lot; on the other hand, the huge amount of exportation squeezed the space for our domestic demand to expand, gradually intensifying the unbalance of our economic structure. Currently, the government gives priority to develop the livelihood economy in order to stimulate domestic demand and ensure economic growth speed at the same time. In the meantime of conducting prudent monetary policy and proactive fiscal policy, the government also stimulates investment in domestic demand by increasing public expenditure, promoting the construction of infrastructure and increasing spending on social security, so that making the export-oriented economy transform into an investment-led economy gradually. The investment demand has been greatly stimulated under such policy background. The tertiary industry has been developing rapidly leading by the blowout of real estate industry, which accelerates the development of construction industry, cement industry, steel industry and other secondary industries, thus brought a new upgrade to our economic growth. However, the booming real estate market also brought the problems of excess investment and weak consumption demand, the consumption demand still has not been stimulated effectively, and the unbalance of economic structure remains the same. The boom of investment demand can bring immediate results to the growth of total domestic demand, but the growth won’t last long and be stable without the start of consumption demand. Only by paying equal attention to investment and consumption can we reach sustained and healthy development of Chinese economy.Under such background, many scholars begin to explore new measures for starting up the domestic demand of China. Most of them hold the opinion that the effective way to stimulate the growth of our domestic demand is promoting new-type urbanization, which can stimulate the investment demand and consumption demand at the same time, and also help to optimize and upgrade the industrial structure. However, there’re still a lot of uncertainties in the influence that urbanization has on domestic demand. First of all, the role that urbanization plays in promoting domestic demand hasn’t been verified yet, since there’re still scholars that believe there’s no causality between urbanization and domestic demand, this point should be confirmed first. Secondly, there isn’t a consensus among the academia about how to measure the level of new-type urbanization. Most papers still use only the urbanization rate to measure the level of urbanization, and it’s obvious that a single indicator is unable to reflect the role of urbanization from different aspects. Therefore, a new indicator system should be built before measuring the impact of the new-type urbanization on domestic demand. Thirdly, the way and results of new-type urbanization’s influence on domestic demand are also yet to be verified. Domestic demand includes investment demand and consumption demand, and the urbanization’s influences on these two aspects are definitely different, making clear of this point can help further understand the influence that new-type urbanization has on domestic demand, thus determine the way to put forward the urbanization specifically.Based on the results of previous studies, the influence that China’s urbanization has on the growth of China’s domestic demand is explored, attempting to provide reliable and effective research results for our government to further stimulate our domestic demand and bring a healthy and stable development to economy. Theoretical and empirical analysis are combined, and the positive stimulating effect of urbanization on domestic demand is confirmed, and it has been found that the key for urbanization to expand domestic demand is rural area and rural people. To further improve the efficiency of domestic demand growth, adjusting the economic structure so as to start consumption is essential. The basis for urbanization to stimulate domestic demand lies in the overall develop of urban and rural,and the transition of migrant workers to urban citizens together with the reform of rural land system is important institutional and innovation factors. Therefore, we must reform the income distribution and promote industrial restructuring to co-ordinate the development of urban and rural, leveraging the role of markets and promoting the reform of household register to promote the transition of migrant workers to urban citizens, and optimizing land use and innovating land system to promote reform of land system, thus prompting the new urbanization advance steadily, and drive the domestic demand grow effectively.The main text is divided into six parts:Chapter one elaborates the research background of related topics and the meaning of the research; Chapter two makes brief introduction and summary of the research achievements on this subject by domestic and foreign scholars; Chapter three analyzes the theoretical influence that China’s urbanization has on domestic demand growth, and builds an indicator system of new-type urbanization to measure the level of it; Chapter four and five respectively does dynamic analysis and path analysis on the influence to explore the way and effects of urbanization affecting the growth of domestic demand with VAR model and PLS path modeling as empirical tool and verify the contribution of indicators of different aspects to the level of urbanization; combining with the empirical analysis results, the last chapter summarizes the full text, and gives corresponding policies and suggestions on how to expand our domestic demand steadily and effectively, make the economy develop sustainably and healthily. |
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