| With the increasing global warming, countries actively take measures to limit greenhouse gas emissions, the Chinese government also vigorously works on energy-saving and emission reduction, so industry from all walks of life are faced with the pressure to reduce carbon emissions, especially logistics industry. In recent years ,with the increase in urbanization rate and the improvement of people's living standards, the cold chain logistics have been rapidly developed in the logistics industry. As the high energy consumption industry, cold chain logistics enterprises must implement low carbon management to response to national low-carbon policy and achieve sustainable economic development.Logistics distribution is an important part of the logistics system, distribution costs accounted for 60%, carbon emissions from distribution accounted for 93%, so distribution problem of cold chain logistics is the key to a win-win result of profit and environment. Based on it ,this article has chosen the cold chain logistics vehicle scheduling as the research object,and has arranged the route reasonably to reduce the transportation cost of the cold chain enterprise at the time reducing the carbon emission.Firstly this paper have analyzed the current research situation of cold chain logistics distribution routing optimization at home and abroad,then have gived an overview of it's related theories,mainly on the characteristics of cold chain logistics,status of transportation and distribution for cold chian logistics, definition of low carbon logistics,the way to realize low carbon logistics,classification and algorithm of vehicle distribution routing problem, and all theories lay the theoretical basis for the following model.Secondly, based on the traditional vehicle routing problem,and according to the characteristics with high efficiency, high damage rate and high energy consumption of cold chain logistics,this paper constructs the relevant distribution cost, including transportation cost and cargo cost,. In order to reduce the carbon emissions in the distribution, it has adopted calculation method of carbon emission based on load and distance to construct carbon emissions costs. Finally this paper has created objective function for minimum comprehensive distribution cost including transportation cost,damage of cargo cost and the carbon emissions cost, and then have used the hard time window as the constraint condition for cold chain products with high timeliness. At last, the optimization model for distribution routing of cold chain logistics considering carbon emission has been obtained.In order to solve the model, this paper has analyzed the various algorithms for the model, and then has chosen C-W saving algorithm which is suitable for the model.In order to avoid the traditional saving algorithm can not solving the optimization of vehicle routing problem with time window, this paper has made a corresponding improvement on C-W saving algorithm which introducting time window parameters,and has changed the traditional distance savings value to cost savings value.Finally, this paper has taken D cold chain logistics enterprise as an example to analyze the feasibility of the model and algorithm. The datas show that the result for model considering the cost of carbon emissions, both in terms of transportation costs,cargo costs or carbon emissions costs less than the the model not considering the cost of carbon emissions. Thus it can be seen, when cold chain logistics enterprises plan vehicle routing considering carbon emission factor, it will not increase distribution cost but reduce operating costs. Based on it , it is feasible to realize green transportation for our enterprises. |
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