Study On Fire Safety Of A Subway Project

With the rapid development of urban rail transit, Metro has become an indispensable means of transport. And the subway itself has the characteristics of large passenger flow, narrow space, inadequate ventilation, special structure and so on. Therefore, the subway fire has become a problem we must pay attention to. It also has great significance to study the safety of subway fire. For the arrival of the fire, the number of casualties, the loss of property, the scope of damage to a minimum.According to the code for metro design, to the original building model of anti smoke compartmentation division, and to calculate the reasonable exhaust volume, air supply volume, set the position of the outlet, the subway model anti exhaust system is designed to provide some reference. Using FDS software to establish the model of the subway, the platform fire simulation analysis. By comparing the six scenarios, the paper focuses on the study of the influence of the opening mode of retaining wall, the station screen door and the smoke exhaust. From the temperature, wind speed of the head of the stairs, CO concentration and smoke layer height and visibility five aspects analysis obtained the available safe evacuation time. The results show that when the fire occurs, the wall can effectively prevent the flow of smoke, and the non evacuation side shield door is favorable for personnel to escape, and the natural ventilation can not meet the safety of passengers. According to the available safe evacuation time obtained by FDS, the evacuation software Pathfinder was used to simulate the evacuation of the platform personnel. To simulate the evacuation of the peak and stable period without fire, as well as the evacuation of personnel during the fire. Analysis of the evacuation capacity of stairs and exits. Because of the fire, people will be affected by a series of. The staff of "jump" and "back" phenomenon of evacuation simulation. In view of the problems in the simulation of evacuation, the optimization scheme of "guidance" is put forward. In the engineering as the foundation, in order to ensure the evacuation and the number of stairs always width and the invariant of the number and location of the different staircase effect on evacuation efficiency and according to the conclusions drawn from the research to determine the optimization scheme of the project. In this paper, it is suggested that the subway platform can increase a group of 4m or 6m wide evacuation stairs in the middle of the platform, while maintaining the original stair position and the width of the original.