Planning And Design Of Small Watershed On Ecological Landscape In Hilly Area Of Middle Southern Part Of Shandong Province

For the requires of construction of ecological civilization and accelerate the pace of building an ecological province of Shandong, Shandong Province was proposed to carry out the construction of soil and water conservation ecological landscape-type, etc. "four types" small watershed. Liyu small watershed in Tai'an city is located in Taishan Yimeng mountain national soil and water conservation in key administration areas, a typical rocky mountain region in northern China. This watershed shoulders the role modelto of leadding the national water and soil conservation in key administration areas and ecological clean-type small watershed construction quality engineering. At the same time, it shoulders the mission that relying on advantages of local rural eco-tourism resources and local fruit characteristics resources, developping ecological agriculture industrial scale, promoting regional economic development and acceleratting the pace of building of new local rural. Therefore, this paper regarded Liyu small watershed in Tai'an city as an example. Through field investigation,according to the project area natural conditions, socio-economic, land use, soil erosion current situation and existing problems, the design idea of ecological landscape clean-type small watershed and control measures space layout of "a axis an island three belts four areas".was proposed. And the single measure was typically designed. That provide the scientific basis and practical guidance for China's ecological landscape clean-type small watersheds building.The main conclusions are as follows:(1) The overall development orientation. According to the natural conditions,socio-economic, status of land use and soil erosion current situation of Liyu small watershed in Tai'an city, combinning landscape resources and existing problems, ecological landscape clean-type small watershed building was developed soil erosion control target, the goal of ecological landscape environment building and socio-economic development goal. It was also proposed the overall development orientation of "water clear shore green, Tai'an garden,beautiful Tai'an".(2) The governance principles and idea of ecological landscape-type small watersheds. the integration of soil and water wonservation measures unit and constituent elements of patch-corridor–matrix of ecological landscape theory, the combination of soil and saterconservation, tourism and protection of water resources, and the coordination of soil and water conservation and landscape ecology design, coordination of natural landscape landscape art and coordination of features cultural landscape and ecological landscape were proposed.(3) The control measures space layout of ecological landscape-type small watersheds.Following development orientation and governance and idea of Liyu small watershed, based on the site configuration of ecological forest of hilltop, economic forest of mountainside,farmland of foot of a mountain, small watershed was overally laid out. And small watershed was divided into soil and water conservation ecological landscape pattern of "a axis an island three belts four areas".(4) The ecological landscape measures system and design of small watersheds. According to soil and water conservation landscape spatial pattern of small watersheds, Typical efficient,targeted soil conservation measures were emplaced. At the same time, the local folk cultural was integrated into landscape design, making it be the core idea of the landscape of small watershed, Summing up a set soil and water conservation ecological landscape measures system of suitable for small local watershed.(5) By forecasting and analysis of management benefit of Liyu ecological landscape-type small watershed in Tai'an city, its economic, ecological and social benefits were significant. And its development prospects were very bright.