Study On The Suitability Evaluation And Layout Of Emergency Shelter In The Central Of Donggu An City

With the rapid development of economy and the acceleration of urbanization,the urban center of the city has a large population,construction,and various economic activities.When the city is facing with various disasters,such as fire,typhoon,flood,earthquake and so on,how to reduce the economic loss and ensure the safety of the victims is the most important event.The emergency shelter is aimed to solve these problems.At present,a lot of emergency shelters have been built in our country,but all of them are based on the principle of the combination of safety and disaster,to configure them with the use of the original urban parks,squares,school playgrounds,sports venues and other infrastructure.Therefore,the location of emergency shelters will be subject to the location of the site has been identified,the number and capacity of the limited venue.The layout maybe is not reasonable enough.So it should be combined with the city characteristics,considering the types and characteristics of city disaster,suitability evaluating emergency shelters,to ensure the different disasters are targeted for shelter,and give full play to the function of emergency shelter.This study takes Dongguan city as an example,suitability evaluates the area of emergency shelter,and on the basis of the study area,park square to analysis,proposed layout optimization scheme.We collected the data from the central city of Dongguan,and used the GIS software platform to construct the urban geographic database.At the same time,fully consider the current emergency shelter designed principles and various disasters characteristics in Dongguan city,from the three aspects of safety,effectiveness and accessibility,constructed 10 evaluation indexes,the establish the emergency shelter suitability evaluation index system.Secondly,using the entropy weight method to calculate 10 evaluation index,the results show that the accommodate population takes of maximum weight value.Compared with the distance of the open space and the distance to the nearest hospital and the safety principle,the distance index weight of the active fault is larger,and the other indicators contribute relatively small.Finally,using entropy weight method and grey relation to constrate suitability evaluation model,and evaluate the emergency shelters where has been built for shelter in the study area to obtain the suitability evaluation value R.According to the size of the decision value R,the suitability degree of 9 emergency shelters in the center is divided into three grades:suitable,generally suitable,and not suitable.Among them,there are 2 inappropriate places,3 suitable,4 generally suitable.According to the suitability evaluation results of emergency shelter,Dongguan city emergency shelter needs to be effective to accommodate a population with open space ratio as a priority to consider in the planning and construction,and to strengthen the distance of hospital,to enhance accessibility of emergency shelters.In the safety index,the distance from the fault has great influence on the safety of emergency shelter.Although the overall suitability of emergency shelter has been built,there are still some unsuitable emergency shelter needs to be adjusted and relayout.In the analysis of the layout of emergency shelters in the downtown area of Dongguan,The emergency shelter is divided into three categories:urgent refuge,fixed place of refuge and central place of refuge.247 emergency shelters were constructed in the study area.23urgent refuge,11 fixed place of refuge,lcenter place of refuge were constructed in Wanjiang District.32urgent refuge,18 fixed place of refuge,lcenter place of refuge were constructed in Nancheng District.23urgent refuge,23 fixed place of refuge,0 center place of refuge were constructed in Guancheng District.60urgent refuge,24 fixed place of refuge.1 center place of refuge were constructed in Dongcheng District.Then,the network analysis and overlay analysis were used to analyze the number of population and service area of emergency shelter in Dongguan city center.After the optimization,the four areas of the study area meet the needs of the current situation and the demand of the planning period in 2030.