Study On The Optimized Design Of The Layout Of Emergency Refuge In The Main Urban Area Of Baotou

In the world,China is one of the countries with frequent occurrence of natural disasters.The loss of life and property caused by earthquakes and other disasters has restricted the economic and social development of our country.More and more attention has been paid to the planning and research of earthquake emergency shelters.When dealing with sudden disasters such as earthquakes,planning and construction is an urgent matter and an inevitable choice.Its planning and layout directly affect the city’s emergency refuge capacity and the level of residents to avoid risks.Research on planning of earthquake emergency shelters based on the theory of public facilities location is still in the exploratory stage.Most of the research is still at the stage of theoretical research,and there are few researches based on actual cases.This article summarizes the current research status at home and abroad,and summarizes the classification,related construction requirements and planning goals of earthquake emergency shelters.Through the analysis of the location model,combined with the analysis of the factors affecting the urban planning and layout of emergency refuges,and based on the public facility location model,the site selection model of earthquake emergency refuges at all levels is constructed.Using geographic information system(ArcGIS)technology,a site selection model for earthquake emergency shelters was established.This paper studies the planning and layout of the evacuation places in the downtown area of Baotou,which has certain practical significance.Urban emergency shelters are the main disaster prevention shelters for people affected by earthquake and other disasters.Whether its spatial layout is reasonable or not is very important.This paper uses geographic analysis system technology,this site selection model can be used in Baotou emergency shelter site selection practice,analyzes the relevant resources of emergency shelters,analyzes the layout of existing emergency shelters,and visually analyzes the service area ratio,service population ratio and service capacity ratio of each administrative region.Based on the planning objectives and principles of emergency shelters in Baotou City,the layout of emergency shelters in the main urban area of Baotou city is optimized and adjusted.By using the minimum number of facilities and minimum resistance analysis,51 fixed emergency shelters are obtained as the optimization points,and then the minimum number of facilities and maximum coverage are used to analyze the emergency shelters of the center,and 6 locations are established as the final optimization points.On this basis,the evaluation method is proposed to verify the rationality of the optimized spatial layout.On the basis of meeting the population coverage rate of emergency shelters in the main urban area of Baotou City,it is found that the service capacity of emergency shelters in each administrative region is insufficient,that is to say,the area of emergency shelters in each administrative region is insufficient,so we continue to screen fixed emergency shelters and central emergency shelters among the remaining candidates,In order to meet the proportion of service capacity of emergency shelters in each administrative region.Finally,a total of 104 emergency shelters are selected,including 7 central emergency shelters,which can provide reference for the planning and layout of other urban emergency shelters.