Effects Of Soil Organic Improvement Measures On Growth,Development And Quality Of Flue-Cured Tobacco

Two rounds of soil organic modification were performed respectively in Dali,Yunnan in 2014-2015,aimed at studying the influences for these two modifications to the growth and quality of tobacco.This experiment was conducted mainly through investigating the tobacco's growth,economic shape,smoking quality,physical properties,chemical components and neutral aroma substances.The results are as follows.1.The remediation fertilizer of high carbon-based soil refers to a new fertilizer which is produced jointly by biochar,organic fertilizer,and microbial agent.The experiment showed that a remediation fertilizer of high carbon-based soil can promote the growth of tobacco plant.But at the early stage,such effect was not obvious in increasing plant high,stem girth,leaf number and leaf area.While in the prosperous period and dome period,the fertilizer would significantly improve those indicators above.According to the effect,1500 kg per hectare is the most ideal value.The experiment revealed that remediation fertilizer of high carbon-based soil is able to increase flue-cured tobacco's yield,output value,average price,and the fine tobacco ratio,for which 1500kg/hm2 is the best case,where the yield,output value,average price and fine tobacco ratio can be enhanced by 10.64%,16.73%,5.51% and 10.05%respectively.The experiment also showed that the fertilizer's effect to physical properties is mainly in increasing the maximum leaf length,leaf weight,and reducing the stem percentage,whereas effect to leaf quality weight is not obvious.The remediation fertilizer can influence the conventional chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco by significantly decreasing the contents of protein,nicotine and chlorine,and dramatically raising the percentages of total sugar,reducing sugar and potassium.All these effects optimize the coordination of chemical components of tobacco leaves.By assessing,the remediation fertilizer of high carbon-based soil can improve the quality and concentration of aroma,mixed gas,and irritation,making the tobacco better for smoking.The results also showed that the remediation fertilizer is capableof uplifting the contents of carotenoid degradation products,solanone,phenylalanine,browning reaction products and neophytadiene for upper leaves.The percentages of carotenoid degradation products and browning reaction products will rise most when applying 1500 kg remediation fertilizer per hectare.And applying the fertilizer of 750kg/hm2 will most increase the contents of solanone and phenylalanine.Similarly it's 2250kg/hm2 for neophytadiene.By comprehensive analysis,the conclusion would be that the remediation fertilizer of high carbon-based soil can stimulate the growth of tobacco plants,and improve physical properties for leaves.Besides,it can coordinate the chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco and upgrade its smoking quality.In the same way,the content of neutral aroma substances will also rise,so that boosting the profits of tobacco fields.1500kg/hm2 is estimated as the optimum quantity for such fertilizer.2.The experiment indicated that straw incorporation can significantly promote the growth and development of tobacco plant.In terms of economic shape,adding 20%more straw raised production,output value and fine tobacco ratio by 7.94%,18.07%and 6.05% respectively,compared to the regular CK.This demonstrates that straw incorporation can increase yield,output value,and fine tobacco ratio for flue-cured tobacco.In terms of physical properties,straw can enlarge the area and weight for leaves.For chemical composition,straw incorporation is able to reduce the contents of protein,total nitrogen and nicotine in tobacco,and greatly enhance the percentages of total sugar,reducing sugar,potassium and chlorine.It also optimizes tobacco's potassium-chlorine ratio,sugar-nicotine ratio and nitrogen-nicotine ratio,coordinating the chemical composition for flue-cured tobacco,and upgrading the quality of leaves.With regard to the smoking quality,straw improves the quality and concentration of aroma,irritation,mixed gas,and aftertaste,enhancing smoking quality and the smoking rates.As for neutral fragrant substances,straw treatment increases the contents of solanone,phenylalanine,browning reaction products and neophytadiene,and lower the content of carotenoid degradation products,which makes total quatity of aroma substances increase by 8.00%,dramatically higher than cases without straw incorporation treatment.On the whole,the straw incorporation enjoys ideal effect on the growth and quality of tobacco plant.