Comparative Study On Egg And Meat Performance Of Different Hybrid Geese

Carlos goose and Seed goose at Jilin white geese provenance base, Jilin agricultural university were used as study object. Though the ways of purebred breeding, cross breeding, grading cross breeding and fixed transverse breeding, hybrids experiment of different genetic basis was conducted. Firstly, we determined egg quality of different combinations and analyzed the correlation of hatching effect; Secondly, body weight and body size of goose cheepers at different week ages was tested to determine their growth patterns of the body; Finally, the slaughter performance and meat quality of goose at 10 weeks age were measured to provide a basis for further research related to the breeding of meat and feather dual purpose goose and the cultivation of hybrid matching system. 1. Egg qualityDaily eggs were collected for the measurement of egg weight, egg shape index and broken eggs quality. There were significant differences in some indicators of egg quality among combinations. The egg weight, egg shape index of group V were the highest, followed by that of group III. The egg weight, egg shape index of group V and group III were significantly higher than that of group IV(P < 0.05), but insignificant compared with the other groups(P > 0.05), There were significant difference in the index of eggshell thickness, yolk color of group ?, the group III and group ? and group?(P < 0.05), but no significant difference was found between group ? and the other groups(P > 0.05). The eggshell thickness of group ?and group ?were the strongest to resist to external force, which resulted in easy for transportation and storage. Specific egg gravity, haugh unit, egg yolk ratio indicators are not significantly different among combinations(P<0.05). The proportion of egg yolk were the largest in group IV and group III, which indicated a higher nutritional value. of Group ?and group V showed significant darker yolk color than group ?(P <0.05), but not significant that that of other combinations(P> 0.05); The yolk color of group ?was darker. 2. Egg hatching performanceBecause of different production performance between seed goose and Carlos goose, there were great differences in hatching performance of different hybrid combinations at laying period. The experimental results showed that group IV(seed goose pure breeding group) had the best egg hatching performance, whose egg weight ranged between 134 g and 142 g and egg shape index between 1.47 cm and 1.51 cm. The egg weight was 153 g to 155 g, the egg shape index was between 1.51 cm and 1.53 cm, and the fertilization rate and hatching rate at the middle-laying period were higher in group V(Carlos goose pure breeding). Group III(descent containing 75% Carlos) histone focuses on 146 ~ 148 g, egg shape index was between 1.48 cm ~ 1.50 cm In the middle laying period, the fertilization rate and hatching rate were higher than other hybrid combinations. The hatching rate was lower than 75%.3. Growth and development rulesThere were significant differences in the weight of hybrid geese at different periods. Group V(Carlos pure breeding group) showed the maximum birth weight as93.6 g which were higher than other groups, but was not significant when compared with group III(descent containing 75% Carlos) and group I whose birth weight was 89.03 g 87.1 g respectively(P > 0.05). While the birth weight of group IV(seed geese pure breeding) was the smallest.At the age of 1~4 weeks, the weight of 6 groups of test geese increased with the age change. At the age of 5~6 weeks, the growth intensity of each group was streng, and the weight increased rapidly. Group III(descent containing 75% Carlos) had the highest weight of 1687.2 g. At 7 weeks old, the weight of group III was the largest( 3620.8 g). The order of the mean weight was group V > group III > group ? > group ?> group ?> group IV, and growth trend continued to 10 weeks. At the age of 10 weeks, there was no significant difference among that of group V, group III and group I(P > 0.05),while group VI and group IV were significant different with other three experimental groups(P < 0.05). 4. Comparison of slaughter performanceThe slaughter performance of 70 days old hybrid geese was determined. The results showed five indicators including live weight before slaughter, weight after slaughter, carcass weight, eviscerated weight, breast muscle weight of group V(Carlos goose pure breeding) were higher than that of other test groups. Leg muscle weight, eviscerated weight of group ? were higher than that of other groups. Live weight before slaughter, weight after slaughter, carcass weight and eviscerated weight of group IV(seed goose pure breeding) were lower than that of other groups. There was no significant difference in other indexes among the testl groups. The slaughter rate of the 6 groups with different cross combinations was higher than 84.01% and of which group III(desent containing 75% Carlos) was 87.14% showing the best performance among the experimental groups. 5. Comparison of meat qualityBreast shear force, pH value, water holding capacity were not significantly different among groups(P> 0.05). The pH value in legs were significantly different among that of group ?, group IV, group V(P <0.05). Chest, leg muscle tenderness were no significant different(P> 0.05) with different hybrids combinations. The sheer force of pectoral muscle was significantly higher than that of leg muscle. The p H values of breast muscle and leg muscle ranged between 5.52 and 6.57. That of breast muscle was more closed to the neutral value than that of legs muscle.