Research Of Key Technique Of Soilless Cultivation On Fruit Cucumber

Based on reviewing the soilless cultivation status and research progress at home and abroad in this paper, we take experiment on the key technologies of fruit cucumber soilless cultivation in variety selection, ratio of substrate and fertilizer formula. The main results are as follows:1, Screened for soilless cultivation of fruit cucumber varieties. From tested four fruit cucumber shows it's the common characteristics on low and thick female flowers, mezzo fruit length and good shape. But they have own characteristics in terms of yield, quality and disease resistance. In terms of production, Carter and Tony have highest yield and without significant difference, respectively 65351.4 Kg per hm~2 and 65265.75 Kg per hm~2; Xintiandi followed by to 61779.75 Kg per hm~2; 51-4001 has lowest yield for 50111.4 Kg per hm~2. In terms of quality, Xintiandi has best taste crisp, fragrant; Carter and Tony taste crisp and sweet, but tasteless. In terms of resistance, Xintiandi has highest resistance to downy mildew, better than Carter and Tony,51-4001 has susceptible to downy mildew. Comprehensive evaluation, carter, Tony, Xintiandi is suitable for facilities matrix cultivated varieties.2, Screened for soilless cultivation of fruit cucumber matrix matching. From tested three kinds of matrix shows peat substrate and mushroom residue better than reed residue. The physical and chemical properties are in a reasonable range except matrix aeration porosity. The matrix aeration porosity that peat, reed and mushroom residue respectively mixed for river sand ratio of 3:1 volume were relatively low, the maximum value is only 12.38%. It's no significant difference that Carter varieties were planted in the mushroom residue substrate and peat substrate in stem diameter, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate and yield, but planted in reed substrate is poor performance, the results shows that mushroom residue can replace peat substrate as fruit cucumber cultivation matrix.3, Screened for soilless cultivation of fruit cucumber fertilizer formula. For test of 3 kinds of fertilizer on per cubic meter of matrix mixed with different amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ternary compound fertilizer(15-15-15), calcium magnesium phosphate conditions, within the range of 6-10 kg dosage, with more matrix applied in rapeseed cake, fruit cucumber plants grow higher and higher, photosynthesis is stronger and higher yield. Each square matrix mixed nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ternary compound fertilizer 1.5kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 2kg and rapeseed 10kg is feasible fertilizer(15-15-15) mix.