Design And Experimental Research On Rice And Wheat Seeding Machine

The Yangtze River and the Huai River area is an important grain production base in China and the main cropping system in this area is rice and wheat rotation cropping system.There are so many problems in this cropping system such as serious burning of straw,the energy waste,high operation cost,seeds and fertilizer cost,serious waste of fresh water resources and so on.With the planting cost increased and the efforts of government to prohibit the burning of straw increased,the rice and wheat less or no tillage planting have developed rapidly.Nowadays,most of the wheat seeder fertilized and sowed by the wheels driven by ground,but the wheels were always slip,so it influenced the quality of sowing and fertilizing.In addition,drainage effect was not desirable,the soil on the both sides of the drainage ditch was soft and easy to collapse,resulting in soil back increased and affecting the effect of ditching,lead to the lower emergence rate.According to actual demand,this paper investigated the current status of technology in wheat seeder both in China and abroad,and designed a kind of ditching rotary tillage wheat seeder.This technology will improve the planting benefit for farmers and has great significance on grain production of our country.The main research contents and conclusions of this paper were as follows:1.This paper designed the whole machine structure and determined that the equipment working width is 3.3m,the sowing rows is 22,the sowing row spacing is 15cm and the sowing depth 3-5cm.This machine was mainly composed of three point suspension mechanism,rotary tillage ditching device,sowing and fertilizing device and sowing quantity control device.It was supported by tractor with power of 62.5kW and it can complete rotary tillage,ditching,sowing and fertilizing,soil covering and press etc in one work processes.2.This paper identified the type and structure of the key components and also calculated and analyzed the key components in detail such as rotary tillage ditching device,whole profile modeling mechanism,double ditching disc and so on.According to the design parameters of the key components,this paper had manufactured the first and second generation prototype with cooperation company and completed the preliminary field test of the prototype.3.To solve the problem that transmission wheel slip resulted in severe fertilizing and seeding uniformity and the working length regulation of the outer grooved wheel was not easy to control the quantity of seed fertilizer,this study used the electronically controlled seeding and fertilizing shaft technology to control the seed and fertilizer.The power supply voltage was safe and reliable.This technology had so many advantages such as worked stable,the quantity of seed fertilizer convenient to adjust,high accuracy of seeding and fertilization,less seed and fertilizer input,less consumption of resources.4.To solve the problem that wheat sowing machine drain is not ideal,this paper improved the design on the basis of existing rotary cultivator,installation of ditch cutter and groove guard device.The machine rotary tilled and ditched at the same time and then reinforced the soil in the both sides of the ditching by the groove guard device,therefore the ditching shape neatly would be ensure.The whole sowing device can complete the operation steps of seeding,covering soil and press,so it realized the requirements of the multi-functional operation of the machine,simplified the operation process of the machine,raised the efficiency and saved the cost.5.In this paper,the Proe5.0 modeling software was used to draw the 3D model of each part and complete the whole model assembly of the virtual prototype.And the modal vibration analysis and statics analysis of the key components of the machine are carried out by ANSYS analysis software.6.This paper had done a series of the indoor and field wheat sowing experiments after the prototype completed in Huaihai farm,Yancheng City,Jiangsu Province.Indoor and field experiments verified that the machine worked stable and reliable with well passing through performance,the major technical indicators had reached national standards requirements and it realized one machine multipurpose.