Effect Of Fertilization And Grafting On Plant Growth And Fruit Production Of Pepino(Solanum Muricatum)

The pepino is a kind of nightshade family,which is native to South America.The introduction of pepino planting has a history of 30 years in China.Pepino fruits because of f low sugar,low fat,high protein and full of vitamin received people's favor.It has become an important cash crop in He Xi region.However,the basic research is relatively weak about pepino at present.The experiment was carried out in the field with ‘ASCA' as material to study the effect of fertilization and graft on pepino plants growth,fruit yield and quality and the reseason marbled fruit to determine the optimum fertilization and graft.The main results are as follows:(1)The plant height and stem diameter had greater differences with the growth period.Organic fertilizer plant height higher 10% than chemical fertilizer treatment in the whole stages.The own root seedling average height were higher 70.5% and 33% than the grafted and marbled seedling,thick stems were higher 25.9% and 16.3% than them.The own root seedling leaf area was significantly greater than the grafted and marbled seedling.The leaf number of pepino,there were no significant difference between fertilization treatments.With the same fertilization,the number of leaf own root and marbled seedling were significantly greater than grafted seedling in late growth period.(2)The biomass of organic fertilizer treatment was the highest(86.65g/strain),but the root/shoot ratio was the lowest(0.073).The biomass of organic fertilizer treatment were greater than the chemical fertilizer treatment,root/shoot ratio less than chemical fertilizer treatment.The own root seedling biomass(80.29g/ strain)was significantly higher than grafted seeding(53.59g/ strain)and marbled seeding(57.46g/ strain),but the root/shoot ratio had no significant difference.Under the same fertilization treatments after the stage of own root seedling root length,root surface area,root volume,root tip number significantly greater than the grafted and marbled seedling.Different fertilization treatment,organic fertilizer on the root growth promoting effect was greater than the chemical fertilizer.(3)The transpiration rate of organic fertilizer was higher 10% than chemical fertilizer.The same fertilization the transpiration rate of the own root seedling > marbled seedling > graftedIV seedling.Organic fertilizer treatment net photosynthetic rate higher than that of chemical fertilizer.The same fertilization of net photosynthetic rate,the seedling is significantly higher than the grafting and mummy.Fertilization treatment there were no significant difference between transpiration rate.Deal with the same fertilization under the root of the largest water use efficiency.(4)The specific leaf weight was higher than chemical fertilizer treatment The own root seedling > marbled seedling > grafted seedling under same fertilizer treatments of specific leaf weight.Total potassium content of organic fertilizer processing blade,on average,23% higher than chemical fertilizer treatment.Between the same fertilizer treatment pepino leaf total nitrogen content in the own root and marbled seedling significantly higher than that of grafted seedling.Total potassium content was significant difference.(5)First flowers was higher than the second and the third flowers.There were no significant difference between fertilizer treatments.All inflorescence of own root seedling more than 10 flowers,higher than that of grafted and marbled seedling.Pollen vitality with average pollen vitality gradually reduce flowering time change over time was 83.4%,58%,36%,58%.There was no significant difference between the pollen vitality between fertilizer treatments.Flowering grafting after 24 hours of the pollen vitality was lower than the own root and marbled seedling.When the stigma flower was 70%,from 30% to 40% after 24 hours,10% after 48 hours,72 hours after Stigma receptivity completely lost.Fertilization and no significant effect on stigma Stigma receptivity seedlings.(6)Organic fertilizer treatment of own root seedling fruit weight,stiff cell yield was significantly higher than that of chemical fertilizer treatment In the same fertilization,own root fruit weight and plot yield was significantly higher than that of grafted seedlings,grafted seedlings were significantly higher than that of marbled seedling.Fertilization had no significant effect on pepino fruit quality.Own root and grafted fruit size,pulp thickness,soluble solids content was significantly higher than that of mummy fruit seedlings,seedling stiff flesh hardness was significantly higher than that of own root and grafted seedling.(7)The content of sulfur,zinc and copper in pepino leaves,marbled fruit plant was significantly higher than that in normal plant.The contents of nitrogen,calcium,zinc and copper in fruit were significantly higher than those in normal fruit.However,potassium content was significantly lower than that of normal plants and fruits.Elemental fertilizer after spraying seedlingstiff statistical marbled fruit rate,at around 80%,has not been improved.